A continuum of disk scheduling algorithms
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
The Sprite Network Operating System
Computer
A case for redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID)
SIGMOD '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
SIGMOD '90 Proceedings of the 1990 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
The design and implementation of a log-structured file system
SOSP '91 Proceedings of the thirteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Analysis of file I/O traces in commercial computing environments
SIGMETRICS '92/PERFORMANCE '92 Proceedings of the 1992 ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Redundant disk arrays: reliable, parallel secondary storage
Redundant disk arrays: reliable, parallel secondary storage
Parity declustering for continuous operation in redundant disk arrays
ASPLOS V Proceedings of the fifth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Designing disk arrays for high data reliability
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing - Special issue on parallel I/O systems
The TickerTAIP parallel RAID architecture
ISCA '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual international symposium on computer architecture
Parity logging overcoming the small write problem in redundant disk arrays
ISCA '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual international symposium on computer architecture
SIGMOD '93 Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Maximizing performance in a striped disk array
ISCA '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual international symposium on Computer Architecture
PDIS '91 Proceedings of the first international conference on Parallel and distributed information systems
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Data Engineering
Disk Mirroring with Alternating Deferred Updates
VLDB '93 Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
DCD—disk caching disk: a new approach for boosting I/O performance
ISCA '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Petal: distributed virtual disks
Proceedings of the seventh international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
On Variable Scope of Parity Protection in Disk Arrays
IEEE Transactions on Computers
RAPID-Cache-A Reliable and Inexpensive Write Cache for High Performance Storage Systems
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
The Network RamDisk: Using remote memory on heterogeneous NOWs
Cluster Computing
A New Hierarchical Disk Architecture
IEEE Micro
Bridging the Information Gap in Storage Protocol Stacks
ATEC '02 Proceedings of the General Track of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Reconstruct versus read-modify writes in RAID
Information Processing Letters
Selecting RAID Levels for Disk Arrays
FAST '02 Proceedings of the 1st USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
A high performance redundancy scheme for cluster file systems
International Journal of High Performance Computing and Networking
Higher reliability redundant disk arrays: Organization, operation, and coding
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Reconstruct versus read-modify writes in RAID
Information Processing Letters
Extensible block-level storage virtualization in cluster-based systems
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Selecting RAID levels for disk arrays
FAST'02 Proceedings of the 1st USENIX conference on File and storage technologies
Why specialized disks for composite operations may be unnecessary
ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News
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Parity-encoded redundant disk arrays provide highly reliable, cost-effective secondary storage with high performance for reads and large writes. Their performance on small writes, however, is much worse than mirrored disks—the traditional, highly reliable, but expensive organization for secondary storage. Unfortunately, small writes are a substantial portion of the I/O workload of many important, demanding applications such as on-line transaction processing. This paper presents parity logging, a novel solution to the small-write problem for redundant disk arrays. Parity logging applies journalling techniques to reduce substantially the cost of small writes. We provide detailed models of parity logging and competing schemes—mirroring, floating storage, and RAID level 5—and verify these models by simulation. Parity logging provides performance competitive with mirroring, but with capacity overhead close to the minimum offered by RAID level 5. Finally, parity logging can exploit data caching more effectively than all three alternative approaches.