Public-key systems based on the difficulty of tampering (Is there a difference between DES and RSA?)
Proceedings on Advances in cryptology---CRYPTO '86
Checking computations in polylogarithmic time
STOC '91 Proceedings of the twenty-third annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
A note on efficient zero-knowledge proofs and arguments (extended abstract)
STOC '92 Proceedings of the twenty-fourth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Software protection and simulation on oblivious RAMs
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Probabilistic checking of proofs: a new characterization of NP
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Proof verification and the hardness of approximation problems
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
On the (Im)possibility of Obfuscating Programs
CRYPTO '01 Proceedings of the 21st Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Secret Distribution of Keys for Public-Key Systems
CRYPTO '87 A Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques on Advances in Cryptology
CRYPTO '89 Proceedings of the 9th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Towards Realizing Random Oracles: Hash Functions That Hide All Partial Information
CRYPTO '97 Proceedings of the 17th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Authenticated Encryption: Relations among Notions and Analysis of the Generic Composition Paradigm
ASIACRYPT '00 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
Universal Arguments and their Applications
CCC '02 Proceedings of the 17th IEEE Annual Conference on Computational Complexity
On obfuscating point functions
Proceedings of the thirty-seventh annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
On the Impossibility of Obfuscation with Auxiliary Input
FOCS '05 Proceedings of the 46th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Universally Composable Multi-party Computation Using Tamper-Proof Hardware
EUROCRYPT '07 Proceedings of the 26th annual international conference on Advances in Cryptology
CRYPTO 2008 Proceedings of the 28th Annual conference on Cryptology: Advances in Cryptology
TCC '09 Proceedings of the 6th Theory of Cryptography Conference on Theory of Cryptography
Fully homomorphic encryption using ideal lattices
Proceedings of the forty-first annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Obfuscation for Cryptographic Purposes
Journal of Cryptology
TCC'07 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Theory of cryptography
Securely obfuscating re-encryption
TCC'07 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Theory of cryptography
Obfuscating point functions with multibit output
EUROCRYPT'08 Proceedings of the theory and applications of cryptographic techniques 27th annual international conference on Advances in cryptology
Isolated proofs of knowledge and isolated zero knowledge
EUROCRYPT'08 Proceedings of the theory and applications of cryptographic techniques 27th annual international conference on Advances in cryptology
David and Goliath commitments: UC computation for asymmetric parties using tamper-proof hardware
EUROCRYPT'08 Proceedings of the theory and applications of cryptographic techniques 27th annual international conference on Advances in cryptology
New constructions for UC secure computation using tamper-proof hardware
EUROCRYPT'08 Proceedings of the theory and applications of cryptographic techniques 27th annual international conference on Advances in cryptology
A fully homomorphic encryption scheme
A fully homomorphic encryption scheme
On symmetric encryption and point obfuscation
TCC'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Theory of Cryptography
Obfuscation of hyperplane membership
TCC'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Theory of Cryptography
Founding cryptography on tamper-proof hardware tokens
TCC'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Theory of Cryptography
Secure obfuscation for encrypted signatures
EUROCRYPT'10 Proceedings of the 29th Annual international conference on Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques
A general and efficient obfuscation for programs with tamper-proof hardware
ISPEC'11 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Information security practice and experience
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In recent years, theoretical cryptography community has focused on a fascinating research line of obfuscating programs (circuits). Loosely speaking, obfuscating a program P is to construct a new program which can preserve P's functionality, but its code is fully "unintelligent". No adversary can understand the obfuscated program or reverse-engineering it. In TCC'10, Goyal et al. showed how to obfuscate any circuit (program) with tamer-proof (stateless) hardware. In their construction, the hardware executes most computation and the software executes a few, and the software needs to interact with the hardware θ(z) times if the original circuit is of size z. Thus if a user wants to gain the outputs of the obfuscated circuit on different inputs, he cannot fast the computation by running multiple instances of the obfuscated circuit concurrently well. In this paper we propose an alternative construction of obfuscating circuits (programs) with tamper-proof hardware. The notable characters of our construction are that the required hardware is still universal in obfuscating circuits and that for a specific circuit the computation on the instantiated hardware is independent of the size of the circuit. When a user runs multiple instances of the obfuscated circuit with different inputs concurrently, the software and hardware have reasonable computation load and thus the entire computation can run almost in parallel and thus be fasten.