An empirical study of algorithms for point-feature label placement
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Boundary labeling: Models and efficient algorithms for rectangular maps
Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
Fast point-feature label placement for dynamic visualizations
Information Visualization
Map Warping for the Annotation of Metro Maps
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Text Scaffolds for Effective Surface Labeling
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Boundary Labeling in Text Annotation
IV '09 Proceedings of the 2009 13th International Conference Information Visualisation
Optimizing active ranges for consistent dynamic map labeling
Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications
Automatic visualisation of metro maps
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
Technical Section: Layout-aware optimization for interactive labeling of 3D models
Computers and Graphics
Automatic Metro Map Layout Using Multicriteria Optimization
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Combining traditional map labeling with boundary labeling
SOFSEM'11 Proceedings of the 37th international conference on Current trends in theory and practice of computer science
Drawing and Labeling High-Quality Metro Maps by Mixed-Integer Programming
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Metrics for functional and aesthetic label layouts
SG'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Smart Graphics
A smart algorithm for column chart labeling
SG'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Smart Graphics
Travel-Route-Centered Metro Map Layout and Annotation
Computer Graphics Forum
Automatic annotation placement for interactive maps
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM international conference on Interactive tabletops and surfaces
Spatially efficient design of annotated metro maps
EuroVis '13 Proceedings of the 15th Eurographics Conference on Visualization
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Hand-drawn metro map illustrations often employ both internal and external labels in a way that they can assign enough information such as textual and image annotations to each landmark. Nonetheless, automatically tailoring the aesthetic layout of both textual and image labels together is still a challenging task, due to the complicated shape of the labeling space available around the metro network. In this paper, we present a zone-based approach for placing such annotation labels so that we can fully enhance the aesthetic criteria of the label arrangement. Our algorithm begins by decomposing the map domain into three different zones where we can limit the position of each label according to its type. The optimal positions of labels of each type are evaluated by referring to the zone segmentation over the map. Finally, a new genetic-based approach is introduced to compute the optimal layout of such annotation labels, where the order in which the labels are embedded into the map is improved through the evolutional computation algorithm. We also equipped a semantic zoom functionality, so that we can freely change the position and scale of the metro map.