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Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness
Computing Minimum-Weight Perfect Matchings
INFORMS Journal on Computing
Test Planning and Test Resource Optimization for Droplet-Based Microfluidic Systems
Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications
Concurrent testing of digital microfluidics-based biochips
ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems (TODAES)
Chemical and Biological Applications of Digital-Microfluidic Devices
IEEE Design & Test
Testing and Diagnosis of Realistic Defects in Digital Microfluidic Biochips
Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications
Abstraction layers for scalable microfluidic biocomputing
Natural Computing: an international journal
Accelerated Functional Testing of Digital Microfluidic Biochips
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Design-for-Testability for Digital Microfluidic Biochips
VTS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 27th IEEE VLSI Test Symposium
Cross-contamination aware design methodology for pin-constrained digital microfluidic biochips
Proceedings of the 47th Design Automation Conference
ATS '10 Proceedings of the 2010 19th IEEE Asian Test Symposium
Pin-Constrained Designs of Digital Microfluidic Biochips for High-Throughput Bioassays
ISED '10 Proceedings of the 2010 International Symposium on Electronic System Design
Optimal Testing of Digital Microfluidic Biochips
INFORMS Journal on Computing
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Digital microfluidic technology is now being extensively used for implementing a lab-on-a-chip. Microfluidic biochips are often used for safety-critical applications, clinical diagnosis, and for genome analysis. Thus, devising effective and faster testing methodologies to warrant correct operations of these devices after manufacture and during bioassay operations, is very much needed. In this paper, we propose an Euler tour based technique to obtain the route plan of a test droplet for the purpose of structural testing of biochips. The method is applicable to various digital microfluidic biochip architectures, e.g., fully reconfigurable arrays, application specific biochips, pin-constrained irregular geometry biochips, and to defect-tolerant biochips. We show that in general, the optimal Eulerization and subsequent determination of an Euler tour in the graph model of a biochip can be abstracted in terms of the classical Chinese postman problem. The Euler tour can be identified by running the classical Hierholzer's algorithm, which relies on a simple cycle decomposition and splicing method. This improved Eulerization technique leads to an efficient test plan for the chip. This can also be used in phase-based test planning that yields savings in testing time. The method provides a unified approach towards structural testing and can be easily adopted to design a droplet routing procedure for functional testing of digital microfluidic biochips.