Quantitative system performance: computer system analysis using queueing network models
Quantitative system performance: computer system analysis using queueing network models
Resource containers: a new facility for resource management in server systems
OSDI '99 Proceedings of the third symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
Proceedings of the seventeenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Virtual-Time Round-Robin: An O(1) Proportional Share Scheduler
Proceedings of the General Track: 2002 USENIX Annual Technical Conference
A Microeconomic Scheduler for Parallel Computers
IPPS '95 Proceedings of the Workshop on Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing
Envy-free auctions for digital goods
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Process prioritization using output production: Scheduling for multimedia
ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP)
Lottery scheduling: flexible proportional-share resource management
OSDI '94 Proceedings of the 1st USENIX conference on Operating Systems Design and Implementation
A unified framework for max-min and min-max fairness with applications
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
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A global scheduling framework for virtualization environments
IPDPS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel&Distributed Processing
Design and implementation of a generic resource sharing virtual time dispatcher
Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Haifa Experimental Systems Conference
Dominant resource fairness: fair allocation of multiple resource types
Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on Networked systems design and implementation
Polyhedral clinching auctions and the adwords polytope
STOC '12 Proceedings of the forty-fourth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Beyond dominant resource fairness: extensions, limitations, and indivisibilities
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Multi-resource fair queueing for packet processing
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2012 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 2
Multi-resource fair queueing for packet processing
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review - Special october issue SIGCOMM '12
On-line fair allocations based on bottlenecks and global priorities
Proceedings of the 4th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering
Mechanism design for fair division: allocating divisible items without payments
Proceedings of the fourteenth ACM conference on Electronic commerce
No agent left behind: dynamic fair division of multiple resources
Proceedings of the 2013 international conference on Autonomous agents and multi-agent systems
REF: resource elasticity fairness with sharing incentives for multiprocessors
Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Balancing fairness and efficiency in tiered storage systems with bottleneck-aware allocation
FAST'14 Proceedings of the 12th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
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Fair allocation has been studied intensively in both economics and computer science. This subject has aroused renewed interest with the advent of virtualization and cloud computing. Prior work has typically focused on mechanisms for fair sharing of a single resource. We consider a variant where each user is entitled to a certain fraction of the system's resources, and has a fixed usage profile describing how much he would want from each resource. We provide a new definition for the simultaneous fair allocation of multiple continuously-divisible resources that we call bottleneck-based fairness (BBF). Roughly speaking, an allocation of resources is considered fair if every user either gets all the resources he wishes for, or else gets at least his entitlement on some bottleneck resource, and therefore cannot complain about not receiving more. We show that BBF has several desirable properties such as providing an incentive for sharing, and also promotes high overall utilization of resources; we also compare BBF carefully to another notion of fairness proposed recently, dominant resource fairness. Our main technical result is that a fair allocation can be found for every combination of user requests and entitlements. The allocation profile of each user is proportionate to the user's profile of requests. The main problem is that the bottleneck resources are not known in advance, and indeed one can find instances that allow different solutions with different sets of bottlenecks. Therefore known techniques such as linear programming do not seem to work. Our proof uses tools from the theory of ordinary differential equations, showing the existence of a sequence of points that converge upon a solution. It is constructive and provides a practical method to compute the allocations numerically.