VideoWhiteboard: video shadows to support remote collaboration
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Videodraw: a video interface for collaborative drawing
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) - Special issue on computer—human interaction
ClearBoard: a seamless medium for shared drawing and conversation with eye contact
CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the 1st conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, & techniques
Human-computer interaction
Improving interpretation of remote gestures with telepointer traces
CSCW '02 Proceedings of the 2002 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Use of video shadow for small group interaction awareness on a large interactive display surface
AUIC '03 Proceedings of the Fourth Australasian user interface conference on User interfaces 2003 - Volume 18
DOVE: drawing over video environment
MULTIMEDIA '03 Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia
Comparing remote gesture technologies for supporting collaborative physical tasks
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Implementing gesturing with cursors in group support systems
Journal of Management Information Systems - Special issue: Organizational impact of group support systems, expert systems, and executive information systems
Turn it this way: grounding collaborative action with remote gestures
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Seconds matter: improving distributed coordination bytracking and visualizing display trajectories
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Exploring interface with representation of gesture for remote collaboration
OZCHI '07 Proceedings of the 19th Australasian conference on Computer-Human Interaction: Entertaining User Interfaces
Gestures over video streams to support remote collaboration on physical tasks
Human-Computer Interaction
Ripples: utilizing per-contact visualizations to improve user interaction with touch displays
Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Interactions in the air: adding further depth to interactive tabletops
Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Three's company: understanding communication channels in three-way distributed collaboration
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Improving visibility of remote gestures in distributed tabletop collaboration
Proceedings of the ACM 2011 conference on Computer supported cooperative work
KinectArms: a toolkit for capturing and displaying arm embodiments in distributed tabletop groupware
Proceedings of the 2013 conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Visualization of off-surface 3D viewpoint locations in spatial augmented reality
Proceedings of the 1st symposium on Spatial user interaction
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In co-located collaboration, people use the space above the table for deictic gestures, and height is an important part of these gestures. However, when collaborators work at distributed tables, we know little about how to convey information about gesture height. A few visualizations have been proposed, but these have not been evaluated in detail. To better understand how remote embodiments can show gesture height, we developed several visualizations and evaluated them in three studies. First, we show that touch visualizations significantly improve people's accuracy in identifying the type and target of a gesture. Second, we show that visualizations of height above the table help to convey gesture qualities such as confidence, emphasis, and specificity. Third, we show that people quickly make use of height visualizations in realistic collaborative tasks, and that height-enhanced embodiments are strongly preferred. Our work illustrates several designs for effective visualization of height, and provides the first comprehensive evidence of the value of height information as a way to improve gestural communication in distributed tabletop groupware.