Interactive question answering: Is Cross-Language harder than monolingual searching?
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
The affect of machine translation on the performance of Arabic-English QA system
MLQA '06 Proceedings of the Workshop on Multilingual Question Answering
Adapting a semantic question answering system to the web
MLQA '06 Proceedings of the Workshop on Multilingual Question Answering
Answering questions with an n-gram based passage retrieval engine
Journal of Intelligent Information Systems
A study on the use of search engines for answering clinical questions
HIKM '10 Proceedings of the Fourth Australasian Workshop on Health Informatics and Knowledge Management - Volume 108
INEX'09 Proceedings of the Focused retrieval and evaluation, and 8th international conference on Initiative for the evaluation of XML retrieval
Question answering for Portuguese: how much is needed?
SBIA'10 Proceedings of the 20th Brazilian conference on Advances in artificial intelligence
A simple measure to assess non-response
HLT '11 Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies - Volume 1
Question classification for a Croatian QA system
TSD'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Text, speech and dialogue
A survey on question answering technology from an information retrieval perspective
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Overview of the CLEF 2005 multilingual question answering track
CLEF'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Cross-Language Evalution Forum: accessing Multilingual Information Repositories
A fast forward approach to cross-lingual question answering for english and german
CLEF'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Cross-Language Evalution Forum: accessing Multilingual Information Repositories
Priberam’s question answering system for portuguese
CLEF'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Cross-Language Evalution Forum: accessing Multilingual Information Repositories
MIRACLE’s cross-lingual question answering experiments with spanish as a target language
CLEF'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Cross-Language Evalution Forum: accessing Multilingual Information Repositories
The role of lexical features in question answering for spanish
CLEF'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Cross-Language Evalution Forum: accessing Multilingual Information Repositories
Improving the robustness to recognition errors in speech input question answering
AIRS'06 Proceedings of the Third Asia conference on Information Retrieval Technology
SPARTE, a test suite for recognising textual entailment in spanish
CICLing'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing
Comparative evaluation of cross-language information retrieval systems
From Integrated Publication and Information Systems to Virtual Information and Knowledge Environments
Finnish as source language in bilingual question answering
CLEF'04 Proceedings of the 5th conference on Cross-Language Evaluation Forum: multilingual Information Access for Text, Speech and Images
miraQA: experiments with learning answer context patterns from the web
CLEF'04 Proceedings of the 5th conference on Cross-Language Evaluation Forum: multilingual Information Access for Text, Speech and Images
CLEF'04 Proceedings of the 5th conference on Cross-Language Evaluation Forum: multilingual Information Access for Text, Speech and Images
Question answering pilot task at CLEF 2004
CLEF'04 Proceedings of the 5th conference on Cross-Language Evaluation Forum: multilingual Information Access for Text, Speech and Images
Question answering at the cross-language evaluation forum 2003---2010
Language Resources and Evaluation
Architecture and evaluation of BRUJA, a multilingual question answering system
Information Retrieval
Overview of the CLEF 2006 multilingual question answering track
CLEF'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Cross-Language Evaluation Forum: evaluation of multilingual and multi-modal information retrieval
Overview of the answer validation exercise 2006
CLEF'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Cross-Language Evaluation Forum: evaluation of multilingual and multi-modal information retrieval
Using syntactic knowledge for QA
CLEF'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Cross-Language Evaluation Forum: evaluation of multilingual and multi-modal information retrieval
Cross lingual question answering using QRISTAL for CLEF 2006
CLEF'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Cross-Language Evaluation Forum: evaluation of multilingual and multi-modal information retrieval
Using machine learning and text mining in question answering
CLEF'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Cross-Language Evaluation Forum: evaluation of multilingual and multi-modal information retrieval
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Following the pilot Question Answering Track at CLEF 2003, a new evaluation exercise for multilingual QA systems took place in 2004. This paper reports on the novelties introduced in the new campaign and on participants' results. Almost all the cross-language combinations between nine source languages and seven target languages were exploited to set up more than fifty different tasks, both monolingual and bilingual. New types of questions (How- questions and definition questions) were given as input to the participating systems, while just one exact answer per question was allowed as output. The evaluation exercise has highlighted some difficulties in assessing definition questions and can be improved in the future, but the overall analysis of submissions shows encouraging results.