Three-tiered interest management for large-scale virtual environments
VRST '98 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Information Retrieval
Real-Time Rendering
Gaze-directed Adaptive Rendering for Interacting with Virtual Space
VRAIS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS 96)
Edge indexing in a grid for highly dynamic virtual environments
MULTIMEDIA '06 Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
Comparing interest management algorithms for massively multiplayer games
NetGames '06 Proceedings of 5th ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Network and system support for games
A spatial model of interaction in large virtual environments
ECSCW'93 Proceedings of the third conference on European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
CyberWalk: a web-based distributed virtual walkthrough environment
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
A survey of visibility for walkthrough applications
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
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The Area-Of-Interest (AOI) model is a simple and popular technique used in many applications to determine the region which needs to be considered and processed for each entity (e.g., user). One example application is object visibility determination around user-representing avatars in virtual environments or networked games. There exist a number of variations of the AOI model and in our prior work we have demonstrated how object-oriented visibility determination is more suitable for networked virtual environments than conventional user-oriented visibility determination. Here we extend our work to study a unified and comprehensive analytical model that reveals fundamental properties about the different visibility determination techniques under a variety of virtual environment settings. We also present what the best operational scenarios are for each different approach. Although our discussion and analytical results are focused on the visibility domain, the arguments and conclusions can be extended to various applications or services where spatial attributes are required.