Reflections on participatory design: lessons from the trillium experience
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A retrospective look at PD projects
Communications of the ACM - Special issue Participatory Design
Helping and hindering user involvement — a tale of everyday design
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
The development of cooperation: five years of participatory design in the virtual school
DIS '00 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, and techniques
Participatory Design: Principles and Practices
Participatory Design: Principles and Practices
Design at Work: Cooperative Design of Computer Systems
Design at Work: Cooperative Design of Computer Systems
User Centered System Design; New Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction
User Centered System Design; New Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction
Participatory Design: Issues and Concerns
Computer Supported Cooperative Work
Selecting and evoking innovators: combining democracy and creativity
Proceedings of the 4th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: changing roles
Dissolving boundaries: social technologies and participation in design
OZCHI '09 Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference of the Australian Computer-Human Interaction Special Interest Group: Design: Open 24/7
Participatory innovation: a research agenda
Proceedings of the Tenth Anniversary Conference on Participatory Design 2008
User gains and PD aims: assessment from a participatory design project
Proceedings of the 11th Biennial Participatory Design Conference
The relationship of action research to human-computer interaction
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Scandinavian participatory design: dialogic curation with teenagers
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children
Configuring participation: on how we involve people in design
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Actual studies of user gains from involvement in design processes are few, although a concern for user gains is a core characteristic of participatory design (PD). We explore the question of user gains through a retrospective evaluation of a critical PD project. We conducted ten qualitative interviews with participants in a project aimed at developing technology to foster engaging museum experiences and rethinking cultural heritage communication. Despite the use of established PD techniques by experienced PD practitioners, a significant number of frustrations relating to the PD process were prominent in the study. Based on these findings, we provide an analysis of impediments to user gains in PD projects in terms of unresolved differences between aims, absence of a clear set-up for collaboration, and different conceptions of technology.