Physical layer driven protocol and algorithm design for energy-efficient wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Sensor Networks
Localization in underwater sensor networks: survey and challenges
WUWNet '06 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Underwater networks
On applying network coding to underwater sensor networks
WUWNet '06 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Underwater networks
Proceedings of the third ACM international workshop on Underwater Networks
Error control in wireless sensor networks: a cross layer analysis
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Proceedings of the Fourth ACM International Workshop on UnderWater Networks
A CDMA-based medium access control for underwater acoustic sensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
A three dimensional localization algorithm for underwater acoustic sensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Overview of channel models for underwater wireless communication networks
Physical Communication
Optimum transmission ranges in a direct-sequence spread-spectrum multihop packet radio network
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
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Several error control schemes have been introduced for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) to combat the effects of high error rates. However, these schemes have only been evaluated based on point-to-point communication metrics and do not consider the different underwater propagation phenomena. On the other hand, the unique properties of UWSNs such as the three-dimensional architecture and the underwater channel characteristics prevent existing studies of error control schemes for terrestrial sensor networks to be applied to this domain. In this paper, a cross-layer analysis framework is developed to evaluate existing error control techniques in three-dimensional multi-hop UWSNs. The developed framework captures the effects of automatic repeat request (ARQ), forward error correction (FEC), and hybrid ARQ schemes on end-to-end energy, latency, and packet error rate. In addition, different underwater propagation phenomena are considered with a particular attention on the presence of shadow zones. The theoretical analysis and the numerical evaluations reveal that exploiting FEC schemes with channel-aware routing reduces the end-to-end energy consumption and latency under all propagation phenomena for all water depths in UWSNs. The selection of the suitable error control scheme depends also on the water depth (shallow/deep water) and on the different underwater propagation phenomena.