PAMAS—power aware multi-access protocol with signalling for ad hoc networks
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Wake on wireless: an event driven energy saving strategy for battery operated devices
Proceedings of the 8th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Wireless sensor networks: a survey
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Optimizing Sensor Networks in the Energy-Latency-Density Design Space
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Spatial TDMA and CSMA with Preamble Sampling for Low Power Ad Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks
ISCC '02 Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC'02)
An adaptive energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Poster abstract: wiseMAC, an ultra low power MAC protocol for the wiseNET wireless sensor network
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
On Handling QoS Traffic in Wireless Sensor Networks
HICSS '04 Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 9 - Volume 9
Medium access control with coordinated adaptive sleeping for wireless sensor networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
A survey of MAC protocols for sensor networks
Wireless sensor networks
Versatile low power media access for wireless sensor networks
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
An Energy-Aware Medium-Access-Control Protocol with Frequent Sleeps for Wireless Sensor Networks
ISCC '05 Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications
Z-MAC: a hybrid MAC for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
An adaptive coordinated medium access control for wireless sensor networks
ISCC '04 Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Computers and Communications 2004 Volume 2 (ISCC"04) - Volume 02
WiseMAC: an ultra low power MAC protocol for the downlink of infrastructure wireless sensor networks
ISCC '04 Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Computers and Communications 2004 Volume 2 (ISCC"04) - Volume 02
DRAND: distributed randomized TDMA scheduling for wireless ad-hoc networks
Proceedings of the 7th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
A Self-Reorganizing Slot Allocation protocol for multi-cluster sensor networks
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
Medium Access Control with Adjustable Sleeps for Wireless Sensor Networks
ISCC '06 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications
Comparing energy-saving MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks
Mobile Networks and Applications
Funneling-MAC: a localized, sink-oriented MAC for boosting fidelity in sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
X-MAC: a short preamble MAC protocol for duty-cycled wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Ultra-low duty cycle MAC with scheduled channel polling
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Medium access control in wireless sensor networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Wireless sensor networks: A survey on the state of the art and the 802.15.4 and ZigBee standards
Computer Communications
R-MAC: Reservation Medium Access Control Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
LCN '07 Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks
DW-MAC: a low latency, energy efficient demand-wakeup MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 9th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Crankshaft: an energy-efficient MAC-protocol for dense wireless sensor networks
EWSN'07 Proceedings of the 4th European conference on Wireless sensor networks
Sift: a MAC protocol for event-driven wireless sensor networks
EWSN'06 Proceedings of the Third European conference on Wireless Sensor Networks
The state of the art in cross-layer design for wireless sensor networks
EURO-NGI'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Wireless Systems and Network Architectures in Next Generation Internet
MAC Essentials for Wireless Sensor Networks
IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
Wireless medium access control protocols
IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
Prolonging the lifetime of wireless sensor networks by cross-layer interaction
IEEE Wireless Communications
A cautionary perspective on cross-layer design
IEEE Wireless Communications
Cross-Layer Design for Lifetime Maximization in Interference-Limited Wireless Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Addressing the requirements of QoS management for wireless ad hoc networks
Computer Communications
Cross-layer design optimizations in wireless protocol stacks
Computer Communications
MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks: a survey
IEEE Communications Magazine
Collision-minimizing CSMA and its applications to wireless sensor networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
ICCSA'13 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Computational Science and Its Applications - Volume 1
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Recent advances in wireless communications and sensor technologies have enabled the development of low-cost wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for a wide range of applications. Medium access control (MAC) protocols play a crucial role in WSNs by enabling the sharing of scarce wireless bandwidth efficiently and fairly. This article provides a survey of the literature on MAC protocols for WSNs. We first briefly describe the unique features of WSNs. We then review representative MAC protocols from the following four categories: contention-based protocols, contention-free (scheduled-based) protocols, hybrid protocols, and preamble sampling protocols. Our discussions focus on the background, main features, operation procedures, major design issues, and the advantages and disadvantages of these protocols. We also present an analysis of the inherent and desirable features of the protocols, and the key challenges of MAC technology for WSNs. Finally, we present our view on future research directions for WSN MAC protocols in a reader-friendly way using illustrative diagrams.