The CAVE: audio visual experience automatic virtual environment
Communications of the ACM
Hybrid sort-first and sort-last parallel rendering with a cluster of PCs
HWWS '00 Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS workshop on Graphics hardware
SoftGenLock: active stereo and genlock for PC cluster
EGVE '03 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2003
Net Juggler: Running VR Juggler with Multiple Displays on a Commodity Component Cluster
VR '02 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality Conference 2002
blue-c: a spatially immersive display and 3D video portal for telepresence
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
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Virtual reality systems make compelling outreach displays, but some systems highly suitable for outreach, notably the CAVE, have design features that make using them for that purpose inconvenient. In the case of the CAVE, the equipment is difficult to disassemble, transport, and reassemble, and typically only large-budget research facilities can afford such a system. We implemented a system like the CAVE that costs less than $30,000, weighs about 500 pounds, and fits into a fifteen-passenger van. A team of six people have unpacked, assembled, and calibrated the system in less than two hours. This cost reduction versus similar virtual reality systems stems from the unique approach we took to stereoscopic projection. We used an assembly of optical chopper wheels and commodity LCD projectors to create true active stereo at less than a fifth of the cost of comparable active stereo technologies. The screen and frame design also harbor portability optimizations; the frame assembles in minutes with only two fasteners, and both pack into small bundles for easy and secure shipment.