Acceleration techniques for progressive refinement radiosity
I3D '90 Proceedings of the 1990 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Multiprocessor methods for computer graphics rendering
Multiprocessor methods for computer graphics rendering
Image-composition architectures for real-time image generation
Image-composition architectures for real-time image generation
Parallel volume-rendering algorithm performance on mesh-connected multicomputers
PRS '93 Proceedings of the 1993 symposium on Parallel rendering
Fast data parallel polygon rendering
Proceedings of the 1993 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
A Sorting Classification of Parallel Rendering
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
A New Algorithm for Interactive Graphics on Multicomputers
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Dynamic Load Balancing for Parallel Polygon Rendering
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Communication Costs for Parallel Volume-Rendering Algorithms
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
The sort-first rendering architecture for high-performance graphics
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Algorithms for parallel rendering
Algorithms for parallel rendering
Coarse-grained parallelism for hierarchical radiosity using group iterative methods
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
InfiniteReality: a real-time graphics system
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An introduction to parallel rendering
Parallel Computing - Special issue on applications: parallel graphics and visualisation
Hierarchical graphics databases in sort-first
PRS '97 Proceedings of the IEEE symposium on Parallel rendering
The design of a parallel graphics interface
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
UTLB: a mechanism for address translation on network interfaces
Proceedings of the eighth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Load balancing for multi-projector rendering systems
HWWS '99 Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS workshop on Graphics hardware
Hybrid sort-first and sort-last parallel rendering with a cluster of PCs
HWWS '00 Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS workshop on Graphics hardware
Parallel Volume Rendering Using Binary-Swap Compositing
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Parallel Volume Rendering on a Network of Workstations
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
The Geometry Engine: A VLSI Geometry System for Graphics
SIGGRAPH '82 Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An expandable multiprocessor architecture for video graphics (Preliminary Report)
ISCA '79 Proceedings of the 6th annual symposium on Computer architecture
Simulation and expected performance analysis of multiple processor Z-buffer systems
SIGGRAPH '80 Proceedings of the 7th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Distributing a visible surface algorithm over multiple processors
ACM '77 Proceedings of the 1977 annual conference
PARALLEL RENDERING
Animac: a multiprocessor architecture for real-time computer animation (graphics, shadows, vlsi)
Animac: a multiprocessor architecture for real-time computer animation (graphics, shadows, vlsi)
Hybrid sort-first and sort-last parallel rendering with a cluster of PCs
HWWS '00 Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS workshop on Graphics hardware
Parallel view-dependent isosurface extraction using multi-pass occlusion culling
PVG '01 Proceedings of the IEEE 2001 symposium on parallel and large-data visualization and graphics
Parallel rendering with k-way replication
PVG '01 Proceedings of the IEEE 2001 symposium on parallel and large-data visualization and graphics
Sort-last parallel rendering for viewing extremely large data sets on tile displays
PVG '01 Proceedings of the IEEE 2001 symposium on parallel and large-data visualization and graphics
Chromium: a stream-processing framework for interactive rendering on clusters
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An interleaved parallel volume renderer with PC-clusters
EGPGV '02 Proceedings of the Fourth Eurographics Workshop on Parallel Graphics and Visualization
Out-of-core sort-first parallel rendering for cluster-based tiled displays
EGPGV '02 Proceedings of the Fourth Eurographics Workshop on Parallel Graphics and Visualization
GigaWalk: interactive walkthrough of complex environments
EGRW '02 Proceedings of the 13th Eurographics workshop on Rendering
Commodity graphics accelerators for scientific visualization
Proceedings of the conference on Visualization '01
Interactive visibility culling in complex environments using occlusion-switches
I3D '03 Proceedings of the 2003 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
SoftGenLock: active stereo and genlock for PC cluster
EGVE '03 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2003
EGVE '03 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2003
Out-of-core sort-first parallel rendering for cluster-based tiled displays
Parallel Computing - Parallel graphics and visualisation
VG '03 Proceedings of the 2003 Eurographics/IEEE TVCG Workshop on Volume graphics
Understanding next-generation VR: classifying commodity clusters for immersive virtual reality
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and South East Asia
A prototype of distributed molecular visualization on computational grids
Future Generation Computer Systems - Special issue: Computational chemistry and molecular dynamics
Network aware parallel rendering with PCs
VRCAI '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH international conference on Virtual Reality continuum and its applications in industry
Functionality Distribution for Parallel Rendering
IPDPS '05 Proceedings of the 19th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS'05) - Papers - Volume 01
Sort-First, Distributed Memory Parallel Visualization and Rendering
PVG '03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE Symposium on Parallel and Large-Data Visualization and Graphics
Parallel-SG: research of parallel graphics rendering system on PC-Cluster
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM international conference on Virtual reality continuum and its applications
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Scalable isosurface visualization of massive datasets on commodity off-the-shelf clusters
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
On the Performance and Scalability of a GPU-Limited Commodity Cluster
ISVC '08 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing, Part II
Networked Graphics: Building Networked Games and Virtual Environments
Networked Graphics: Building Networked Games and Virtual Environments
Review: Large scale distributed visualization on computational Grids: A review
Computers and Electrical Engineering
An image compositing solution at scale
Proceedings of 2011 International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis
A scalable framework for distributed virtual reality using heterogeneous processors
ICAT'06 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Advances in Artificial Reality and Tele-Existence
Design a PC-CAVE environment using the parallel rendering approach
AsiaSim'04 Proceedings of the Third Asian simulation conference on Systems Modeling and Simulation: theory and applications
Towards a scalable high performance application platform for immersive virtual environments
EGVE'01 Proceedings of the 7th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments & 5th Immersive Projection Technology
Low-cost, portable, multi-wall virtual reality
EGVE'05 Proceedings of the 11th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
Running large VR applications on a PC cluster: the flow VR experience
EGVE'05 Proceedings of the 11th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
Parallel texture-based vector field visualization on curved surfaces using GPU cluster computers
EG PGV'06 Proceedings of the 6th Eurographics conference on Parallel Graphics and Visualization
Sorted pipeline image composition
EG PGV'06 Proceedings of the 6th Eurographics conference on Parallel Graphics and Visualization
A scalable, hybrid scheme for volume rendering massive data sets
EG PGV'06 Proceedings of the 6th Eurographics conference on Parallel Graphics and Visualization
Revisiting parallel rendering for shared memory machines
EG PGV'11 Proceedings of the 11th Eurographics conference on Parallel Graphics and Visualization
Cross-segment load balancing in parallel rendering
EG PGV'11 Proceedings of the 11th Eurographics conference on Parallel Graphics and Visualization
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We investigate a new hybrid of sort-first and sort-last approach for parallel polygon rendering, using as a target platform a cluster of PCs. Unlike previous methods that statically partition the 3D model and/or the 2D image, our approach performs dynamic, view-dependent and coordinated partitioning of both the 3D model and the 2D image. Using a specific algorithm that follows this approach, we show that it performs better than previous approaches and scales better with both processor count and screen resolution. Overall, our algorithm is able to achieve interactive frame rates with efficiencies of 55.0% to 70.5% during simulations of a system with 64 PCs. While it does have potential disadvantages in client-side processing and in dynamic data management—which also stem from its dynamic, view-dependent nature—these problems are likely to diminish with technology trends in the future.