A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Lambertian Reflectance and Linear Subspaces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning (Adaptive Computation and Machine Learning)
Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning (Adaptive Computation and Machine Learning)
Recovering Facial Shape Using a Statistical Model of Surface Normal Direction
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Non-local Approach to Shape from Ambient Shading
SSVM '09 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Scale Space and Variational Methods in Computer Vision
A 3D Face Model for Pose and Illumination Invariant Face Recognition
AVSS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance
Physically Based Rendering, Second Edition: From Theory To Implementation
Physically Based Rendering, Second Edition: From Theory To Implementation
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In this paper we consider the problem of inverse rendering faces under unknown environment illumination using a morphable model. In contrast to previous approaches, we account for global illumination effects by incorporating statistical models for ambient occlusion and bent normals into our image formation model. We show that solving for ambient occlusion and bent normal parameters as part of the fitting process improves the accuracy of the estimated texture map and illumination environment. We present results on challenging data, rendered under complex natural illumination with both specular reflectance and occlusion of the illumination environment.