High Confidence Visual Recognition of Persons by a Test of Statistical Independence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Ensemble Methods in Machine Learning
MCS '00 Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems
Multiple Classifier Combination Methodologies for Different Output Levels
MCS '00 Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems
Classifier Combinations: Implementations and Theoretical Issues
MCS '00 Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems
Information fusion in biometrics
Pattern Recognition Letters - Special issue: Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication (AVBPA 2001)
Personal Identification Based on Iris Texture Analysis
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Robust Real-Time Face Detection
International Journal of Computer Vision
Combining Pattern Classifiers: Methods and Algorithms
Combining Pattern Classifiers: Methods and Algorithms
International Journal of Computer Vision - Special Issue on Texture Analysis and Synthesis
Handbook of Multibiometrics (International Series on Biometrics)
Handbook of Multibiometrics (International Series on Biometrics)
Use of Artificial Color filtering to improve iris recognition and searching
Pattern Recognition Letters
Multispectral Iris Analysis: A Preliminary Study51
CVPRW '06 Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop
Multi-Classifier Systems: Review and a roadmap for developers
International Journal of Hybrid Intelligent Systems
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Toward Noncooperative Iris Recognition: A Classification Approach Using Multiple Signatures
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Iris recognition based on score level fusion by using SVM
Pattern Recognition Letters
Handbook of Biometrics
A New Scheme of Iris Image Quality Assessment
IIH-MSP '07 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on International Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing (IIH-MSP 2007) - Volume 01
Image understanding for iris biometrics: A survey
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Improving Features Subset Selection Using Genetic Algorithms for Iris Recognition
ANNPR '08 Proceedings of the 3rd IAPR workshop on Artificial Neural Networks in Pattern Recognition
A New Iris Recognition Method Based on Gabor Wavelet Neural Network
IIH-MSP '08 Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing
Data-driven fuzzy sets for classification
International Journal of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms
Optimal features subset selection and classification for iris recognition
Journal on Image and Video Processing - Regular
High performance iris recognition based on 1-D circular feature extraction and PSO-PNN classifier
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Overview of the Multiple Biometrics Grand Challenge
ICB '09 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Biometrics
Image Averaging for Improved Iris Recognition
ICB '09 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Biometrics
Iris recognition using 2D-LDA + 2D-PCA
ICASSP '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing
Handbook of Remote Biometrics: for Surveillance and Security
Handbook of Remote Biometrics: for Surveillance and Security
Ordinal Measures for Iris Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Comparison and combination of iris matchers for reliable personal authentication
Pattern Recognition
Efficient and robust segmentation of noisy iris images for non-cooperative iris recognition
Image and Vision Computing
Multimodal Algorithm for Iris Recognition with Local Topological Descriptors
CIARP '09 Proceedings of the 14th Iberoamerican Conference on Pattern Recognition: Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications
Iris recognition using signal-level fusion of frames from video
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security - Special issue on electronic voting
Exploring multispectral Iris recognition beyond 900nm
BTAS'09 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE international conference on Biometrics: Theory, applications and systems
A novel method to extract features for iris recognition system
AVBPA'03 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication
Data dependence in combining classifiers
MCS'03 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Multiple classifier systems
Machine Vision and Applications
The UBIRIS.v2: A Database of Visible Wavelength Iris Images Captured On-the-Move and At-a-Distance
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Robust mean super-resolution for less cooperative NIR iris recognition at a distance and on the move
Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Information and Communication Technology
Are Two Eyes Better than One? An Experimental Investigation on Dual Iris Recognition
EST '10 Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Emerging Security Technologies
Quality-Based Fusion for Multichannel Iris Recognition
ICPR '10 Proceedings of the 2010 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Information fusion in low-resolution iris videos using Principal Components Transform
WACV '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)
Secure and Robust Iris Recognition Using Random Projections and Sparse Representations
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Graph matching iris image blocks with local binary pattern
ICB'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Advances in Biometrics
Extracting and combining multimodal directional iris features
ICB'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Advances in Biometrics
Robust and fast assessment of iris image quality
ICB'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Advances in Biometrics
Iris recognition at a distance
AVBPA'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
Specific texture analysis for iris recognition
AVBPA'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
UBIRIS: a noisy iris image database
ICIAP'05 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Image Analysis and Processing
On the individuality of the iris biometric
ICIAR'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition
Noisy iris image matching by using multiple cues
Pattern Recognition Letters
Adaboost and multi-orientation 2D Gabor-based noisy iris recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
A fusion approach to unconstrained iris recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
New iris recognition method for noisy iris images
Pattern Recognition Letters
Noisy Iris Recognition Integrated Scheme
Pattern Recognition Letters
Weighted co-occurrence phase histogram for iris recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
Iris recognition in non-ideal imaging conditions
Pattern Recognition Letters
A reliable iris recognition algorithm based on reverse biorthogonal wavelet transform
Pattern Recognition Letters
A human identification technique using images of the iris andwavelet transform
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Performance analysis of iris-based identification system at the matching score level
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Periocular Biometrics in the Visible Spectrum
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Improving iris recognition accuracy via cascaded classifiers
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
Efficient iris recognition by characterizing key local variations
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Iris verification using wavelet moments and neural network
LSMS'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Life System Modeling and Simulation
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Iris recognition has shown to be one of the most reliable biometric authentication methods. The majority of iris recognition systems which have been developed require a constrained environment to enrol and recognise the user. If the user is not cooperative or the capture environment changes then the accuracy of the iris recognition system may decrease significantly. To minimise the effect of such limitations, possible solutions include the use of multiple channels of information such as using both eyes or extracting more iris feature types and subsequently employing an efficient fusion method. In this paper, we present a review of iris recognition systems using information from multiple sources that are fused in different ways or at different levels. A categorisation of the iris recognition systems incorporating multiple classifier systems is also presented. As a new desirable dimension of a biometric system, besides those proposed in the literature, the mobility of such a system is introduced in this work. The review charts the path towards greater flexibility and robustness of iris recognition systems through the use of information fusion techniques and points towards further developments in the future leading to mobile and ubiquitous deployment of such systems.