Imaging vector fields using line integral convolution
SIGGRAPH '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Mean Shift: A Robust Approach Toward Feature Space Analysis
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Stylization and abstraction of photographs
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Bilateral Filtering for Gray and Color Images
ICCV '98 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computer Vision
ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers
Stroke Surfaces: Temporally Coherent Artistic Animations from Video
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
Proceedings of the 5th international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
Real-time edge-aware image processing with the bilateral grid
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers
Real-time feature-aware video abstraction
The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Fast Shape-Simplifying Image Abstraction Using Graphics Hardware
Edutainment '09 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on E-Learning and Games: Learning by Playing. Game-based Education System Design and Development
From image parsing to painterly rendering
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Real-time saliency-aware video abstraction
The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
Non-Photorealistic Rendering and the science of art
NPAR '10 Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering
Artistic Edge and Corner Enhancing Smoothing
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
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This paper describes a real-time non-photorealistic rendering system that automatically produces stylistic effects from photos and videos. The algorithm includes the capture of salient shapes in the image using a smooth direction field and the abstraction of both colors and shapes along the direction field. In addition to the directional stylization, the proposed algorithm has many good properties. First, the temporal coherence is preserved without any extra processing. Second, the level of abstraction can be controlled within constant time complexity. Last but not least, the parallel GPU implementation allows the real-time stylization of online videos. A variety of experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the system in producing high-quality abstract illustrations.