Distortion Analysis of Analog Integrated Circuits
Distortion Analysis of Analog Integrated Circuits
A Signature Test Framework for Rapid Production Testing of RF Circuits
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
Built-In Test of RF Components Using Mapped Feature Extraction Sensors
VTS '05 Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE Symposium on VLSI Test
On-Chip Testing Techniques for RF Wireless Transceivers
IEEE Design & Test
Input match and load tank digital calibration of an inductively degenerated CMOS LNA
Integration, the VLSI Journal
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This paper presents the design, analysis, and experimental verification of a self-calibrating current-reused 2.4-GHz direct-modulation transmitter for short-range wireless applications. The key contributions are the design/analysis of a stacked power amplifier (PA)/voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) architecture, the nonlinear frequency-dependent analysis of a Gilbertcell-based root-mean-square detector, and an on-chip LC-tank calibration circuit that needs no analog-to-digital convertor (ADC)/digital signal processor. The stacked architecture reduces the number of required regulators, utilizes supply headroom effectively, and allows for an "ADC-less" calibration loop that can dynamically tune the PA center frequency by sensing the transmitted signal. The very nature of direct-modulation architecture obviates additional high-purity signal generators, reducing complexity and allowing online calibration. The system was implemented in TSMC 0.18 µm CMOS, occupies 0.7 mm2 (TX) + 0.1 mm2 (self-tuning), and was measured in a QFN48 package on an FR4 PCB. Automatically correcting PA/VCO tank misalignment in this case yielded 4 dB increase in output power. With the automatic tuning active, the transmitter delivers a measured output power 0 dBm to a 100-Ω differential load, and the system consumes 22.9 mA from a 1.8-V core-circuit supply.