On-road driver eye movement tracking using head-mounted devices
ETRA '02 Proceedings of the 2002 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Stylization and abstraction of photographs
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Shader Lamps: Animating Real Objects with Image-Based Illumination
Shader Lamps: Animating Real Objects with Image-Based Illumination
Robust Visual Tracking for Non-Instrumented Augmented Reality
ISMAR '03 Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Building a lightweight eyetracking headgear
Proceedings of the 2004 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Use of eye movements as feedforward training for a synthetic aircraft inspection task
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Studies on the Effectiveness of Virtual Pointers in Collaborative Augmented Reality
3DUI '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Search task performance using subtle gaze direction with the presence of distractions
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Selective visual attention enables learning and recognition of multiple objects in cluttered scenes
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue: Attention and performance in computer vision
Multiple target detection and tracking with guaranteed framerates on mobile phones
ISMAR '09 Proceedings of the 2009 8th IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Understanding the benefits of gaze enhanced visual search
Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications
Solving problems: How can guidance concerning task-relevancy be provided?
Computers in Human Behavior
Directing attention and influencing memory with visual saliency modulation
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Impact of subtle gaze direction on short-term spatial information recall
Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications
Subtle gaze manipulation for improved mammography training
Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications
Learning eye movement patterns for characterization of perceptual expertise
Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications
TeleAdvisor: a versatile augmented reality tool for remote assistance
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Wearable eye tracking for mental health monitoring
Computer Communications
Directing gaze in narrative art
Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Perception
Integrating the physical environment into mobile remote collaboration
MobileHCI '12 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
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The ability to direct a viewer's attention has important applications in computer graphics, data visualization, image analysis, and training. Existing computer-based gaze manipulation techniques, which direct a viewer's attention about a display, have been shown to be effective for spatial learning, search task completion, and medical training applications. In this work we extend the concept of gaze manipulation beyond digital imagery to include controlled, real-world environments. We address two main challenges in guiding attention to real-world objects: determining what object the viewer is currently paying attention to, and providing (projecting) a visual cue on a different part of the scene in order to draw the viewer's attention there. Our system consists of a pair of eye-tracking glasses to determine the viewer's gaze location, and a projector to create the visual cue in the physical environment. The results of a user study show that we can effectively direct the viewer's gaze in the real-world scene. Our technique has applicability in a wide range of instructional environments, including pilot training and driving simulators.