Aaron's code
Paint by numbers: abstract image representations
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Simulating the Grassfire Transform Using an Active Contour Model
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Biologically motivated computationally intensive approaches to image pattern recognition
Future Generation Computer Systems - Special double issue: high performance computing and networking (HPCN)
Painterly rendering with curved brush strokes of multiple sizes
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A Model of Saliency-Based Visual Attention for Rapid Scene Analysis
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Designing Sociable Robots
Non-Photorealistic Rendering
Painterly Rendering using Image Salience
EGUK '02 Proceedings of the 20th UK conference on Eurographics
Example-based composite sketching of human portraits
Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
The development of a cybernetic sculptor: Edward Ihnatowicz and the senster
Proceedings of the 5th conference on Creativity & cognition
The Structure of Paintings
A gentle introduction to bilateral filtering and its applications
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses
Computational Aesthetics 2008: Automatically mimicking unique hand-drawn pencil lines
Computers and Graphics
Non-Photorealistic Rendering and the science of art
NPAR '10 Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering
CAe '12 Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Symposium on Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization, and Imaging
Feedback-guided stroke placement for a painting machine
CAe '12 Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Symposium on Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization, and Imaging
The challenges ahead for bio-inspired 'soft' robotics
Communications of the ACM
Style and abstraction in portrait sketching
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2013 Conference Proceedings
Introduction: Foreword to the special section on expressive graphics
Computers and Graphics
Hi-index | 0.00 |
We describe Paul, a robotic installation that produces observational face drawings of people. Paul is a naive drawer: it does not have highlevel knowledge of the structures constitutive of the human face (such as the mouth, nose, eyes) nor the capability of learning expertise based on experience as a human would. However, Paul is able to draw using the equivalent of an artist's stylistic signature based on a number of processes mimicking drawing skills and technique, which together form a drawing cycle. Furthermore, we present here our first efforts in implementing two different versions of visual feedback to permit the robot to iteratively augment and improve a drawing which initially is built from a process of salient lines recovery. The first form of visual feedback we study we refer to as computational as it involves a purely internal (memory-based) representation of regions to render via shading by the robot. The second version we call physical as it involves the use of a camera as an 'eye' taking new snapshots of the artefact in progress. This is then analysed to take decisions on where and how to render shading next. A main point we emphasise in this work is the issue of embodiment of graphical systems, in our case in a robotic platform. We present our arguments in favour of such a position for the graphics community to reflect upon. Finally, we emphasise that the drawings produced by Paul have been considered of interest by fine art professionals in recent international art fairs and exhibitions, as well as by the public at large. One drawing is now in the Victoria and Albert museum collection. We identify a number of factors that may account for such perceived qualities of the produced drawings.