Fast contact force computation for nonpenetrating rigid bodies
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Impulse-based simulation of rigid bodies
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Impulse-based dynamic simulation
WAFR Proceedings of the workshop on Algorithmic foundations of robotics
A review of algebraic multigrid
Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics - Special issue on numerical analysis 2000 Vol. VII: partial differential equations
Realistic animation of rigid bodies
SIGGRAPH '88 Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Nonconvex rigid bodies with stacking
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
Isosurface stuffing: fast tetrahedral meshes with good dihedral angles
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers
Impulse-Based Control of Joints and Muscles
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Musculotendon simulation for hand animation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 papers
Constrained Delaunay tetrahedral mesh generation and refinement
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design
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A numerical method for fragmentation is presented that combines the finite element method with the impulse-based discrete element method (impulse-based FDEM). In contrast to existing methods, fragments are not represented as a conglomeration of spheres; instead, their shapes are represented using solid modeling techniques, and are the result of multiple fracture growth. Fracture growth within each three-dimensional fragment is controlled by stress intensity factors computed using the finite element method and the reduced virtual integration technique. Non-convex fragment interaction and movement is modeled using impulse dynamics, rather than a penalty-based method. Collisions leading to fracture are handled individually by propagating pre-existing internal flaws and cracks. The method utilizes decoupled geometry and mesh representation, and local failure and propagation criteria. Fractures that reach volume boundaries lead to further fragmentation. The approach is demonstrated by the fragmentation of a sphere, which exhibits a velocity-dependent fragment size distribution. The distribution is characterized by a two-parameter Weibull distribution, an emergent property of the simulation. Results are in good agreement with experimental data.