Statistical mechanics methods and phase transitions in optimizationproblems

  • Authors:
  • Olivier C. Martin;Rémi Monasson;Riccardo Zecchina

  • Affiliations:
  • Univ. Paris, Orsay, France;The Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL;International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy

  • Venue:
  • Theoretical Computer Science - Phase transitions in combinatorial problems
  • Year:
  • 2001

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Abstract

Recently, it has been recognized that phase transitions play an important role in the probabilistic analysis of combinatorial optimization problems. However, there are in fact many other relations that lead to close ties between computer science and statistical physics. This review aims at presenting the tools and concepts designed by physicists to deal with optimization or decision problems in a language accessible for computer scientists and mathematicians, with no prerequisites in physics. We first introduce some elementary methods of statistical mechanics and then progressively cover the tools appropriate for disordered systems. In each case, we apply these methods to study the phase transitions or the statistical properties of the optimal solutions in various combinatorial problems. We cover in detail the Random Graph, the Satisfiability, andthe Traveling Salesman problems. References to the physics literature on optimization are provided. We also give our perspective regarding the interdisciplinary contribution of physics to computer science.