The use of eye movements in human-computer interaction techniques: what you look at is what you get
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) - Special issue on computer—human interaction
A tool for creating eye-aware applications that adapt to changes in user behaviors
Assets '98 Proceedings of the third international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Manual and gaze input cascaded (MAGIC) pointing
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Effective eye-gaze input into Windows
ETRA '00 Proceedings of the 2000 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
SIBGRAPI '99 Proceedings of the XII Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing
Towards automatic redeye effect removal
Pattern Recognition Letters - Special issue: Colour image processing and analysis
Eye gaze tracking techniques for interactive applications
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on eye detection and tracking
An embedded system for an eye-detection sensor
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on eye detection and tracking
Pupil brightness variation as a function of gaze direction
Proceedings of the 2006 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
An improved likelihood model for eye tracking
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Gaze-Contingent Visual Presentation Based on Remote Saccade Detection
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
An embedded system for an eye-detection sensor
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on eye detection and tracking
Eye gaze tracking techniques for interactive applications
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on eye detection and tracking
An eye localization, tracking and blink pattern recognition system: Algorithm and evaluation
ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP)
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In this paper, we describe experiments conducted to explain observed differences in the bright pupil response of human eyes. Many people observe the bright pupil response as the red-eye effect when taking flash photography. However, there is significant variation in the magnitude of the bright pupil response across the population. Since many commercial gaze-tracking systems use the infrared bright pupil response for eye detection, a clear understanding of the magnitude and cause of the bright pupil variation gives critical insight into the robustness of gaze tracking systems. This paper documents studies we have conducted to measure the bright pupil differences using infrared light and hypothesis factors that lead to these differences.