Practical methods of optimization; (2nd ed.)
Practical methods of optimization; (2nd ed.)
An algorithm for drawing general undirected graphs
Information Processing Letters
An incremental constraint solver
Communications of the ACM
Artificial Intelligence - Special volume on constraint-based reasoning
Simulating humans: computer graphics animation and control
Simulating humans: computer graphics animation and control
A graphics toolkit based on differential constraints
UIST '93 Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Skyblue: a multi-way local propagation constraint solver for user interface construction
UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Inverse kinematics positioning using nonlinear programming for highly articulated figures
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Solving linear arithmetic constraints for user interface applications
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Tackling Real-Coded Genetic Algorithms: Operators and Tools for Behavioural Analysis
Artificial Intelligence Review
VRML '00 Proceedings of the fifth symposium on Virtual reality modeling language (Web3D-VRML)
A modular geometric constraint solver for user interface applications
Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
A differential approach to graphical interaction
A differential approach to graphical interaction
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Recent computer technologies have enabled fast high-quality 3D graphics on personal computers, and also have made the development of 3D graphical applications easier. However, most of such technologies do not sufficiently support layout and behavior aspects of 3D graphics. Geometric constraints are, in general, a powerful tool for specifying layouts and behaviors of graphical objects, and have been applied to 2D graphical user interfaces and specialized 3D graphics packages. In this paper, we present Chorus3D, a geometric constraint library for 3D graphical applications. It enables programmers to use geometric constraints for various purposes such as geometric layout, constrained dragging, and inverse kinematics. Its novel feature is to handle scene graphs by processing coordinate transformations in geometric constraint satisfaction. We demonstrate the usefulness of Chorus3D by presenting sample constraint-based 3D graphical applications.