Preattentive processing in vision
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
Software engineering (3rd ed.): a practitioner's approach
Software engineering (3rd ed.): a practitioner's approach
Representation of similarity in three-dimensional object discrimination
Neural Computation
Evaluating stereo and motion cues for visualizing information nets in three dimensions
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
External cognition: how do graphical representations work?
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Information visualization: perception for design
Information visualization: perception for design
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Diagrams based on structural object perception
AVI '00 Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
UML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Standard Object Modeling Language
UML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Standard Object Modeling Language
Vision: A Computational Investigation into the Human Representation and Processing of Visual Information
Why Not Make Interfaces Better than 3D Reality?
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Improving graphical information system model use with elision and connecting lines
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
The challenge of information visualization evaluation
Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
An Insight-Based Methodology for Evaluating Bioinformatics Visualizations
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Human perception of structure in shaded space-filling visualizations
Information Visualization
Spatial graph grammars for graphical user interfaces
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
An Insight-Based Longitudinal Study of Visual Analytics
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Smoother transitions between breadth-first-spanning-tree-based drawings
GD'06 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Graph drawing
Human-centered visualization environments
Human-centered visualization environments
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The class of diagrams known collectively as node-link diagrams are used extensively for many applications, including planning, communications networks, and computer software. The defining features of these diagrams are nodes, represented by a circle or rectangle connected by links usually represented by some form of line or arrow. We investigate the proposition that drawing three-dimensional shaded elements instead of using simple lines and outlines will result in diagrams that are easier to interpret. A set of guidelines for such diagrams is derived from perception theory and these collectively define the concept of the geon diagram. We also introduce a new substructure identification task for evaluating diagrams and use it to test the effectiveness of geon diagrams. The results from five experiments are reported. In the first three experiments geon diagrams are compared to Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams. The results show that substructures can be identified in geon diagrams with approximately half the errors and significantly faster. The results also show that geon diagrams can be recalled much more reliably than structurally equivalent UML diagrams. In the final two experiments geon diagrams are compared with diagrams having the same outline but not constructed with shaded solids. This is designed to specifically test the importance of using 3D shaded primitives. The results also show that substructures can be identified much more accurately with shaded components than with 2D outline equivalents and remembered more reliably. Implications for the design of diagrams are discussed.