Fault security analysis of CMOS VLSI circuits using defect-injectable VHDL models

  • Authors:
  • Donald Shaw;Dhamin Al-Khalili;Come Rozon

  • Affiliations:
  • Gennum Corporation, Burlington, Ont., Canada L7R 3Y3;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, P.O. Box 17000, Stn. Forces, Kingston, Ont., Canada, K7K 7B4;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, P.O. Box 17000, Stn. Forces, Kingston, Ont., Canada, K7K 7B4

  • Venue:
  • Integration, the VLSI Journal
  • Year:
  • 2002

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Abstract

This paper introduces a methodology for assessing the fault security attributes of Fault Secure (FS) circuits. Structural VHDL circuit descriptions are used to simulate the fault effects of reafistic transistor level defects that occur in CMOS ICs. Defective standard cells are simulated at the analog level of abstraction and the resultant fault effects are implemented in defect-injectable VHDL models to allow logic simulation. Typical fault effects include functional changes, propagation delay increases, sequential logic faults, stuck-at faults, reduced noise margins, and increased IDDQ. The defect-injectable VHDL models are swapped into FS circuit designs and the effects of the defects are analyzed in the context of the digital circuit. The FS circuits can then be assigned a figure of merit based on the ratio of detected defects to those that actually cause output errors. To facilitate the execution of the methodology, an integrated software tool has been developed that, in combination with a commercial VHDL simulation tool, provides an automated means for determining the figure of merit. Implemented using a GUI, the new tool is user friendly and flexible enough to be used with various logic circuits and different IC technologies. Three different checker, as benchmarks, wére evaluated to demonstrate the FSA tool and the methodology to assess their relative fault security.