Models for evaluating interaction protocols in speech recognition
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A morphological analysis of the design space of input devices
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) - Special issue on computer—human interaction
Prediction and conversational momentum in an augmentative communication system
Communications of the ACM
Mapping GUIs to auditory interfaces
UIST '92 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Probabilistic state machines: dialog management for inputs with uncertainty
UIST '92 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
WAB: World Wide Web access for blind and visually impaired computer users
ACM SIGCAPH Computers and the Physically Handicapped
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Assets '98 Proceedings of the third international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
An interactive method for accessing tables in HTML
Assets '98 Proceedings of the third international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
User interface of a Home Page Reader
Assets '98 Proceedings of the third international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
A Web navigation tool for the blind
Assets '98 Proceedings of the third international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
An efficient text input method for pen-based computers
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Fluid links for informed and incremental link transitions
Proceedings of the ninth ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia : links, objects, time and space---structure in hypermedia systems: links, objects, time and space---structure in hypermedia systems
Two approaches to bringing Internet services to WAP devices
Proceedings of the 9th international World Wide Web conference on Computer networks : the international journal of computer and telecommunications netowrking
Fast web by using updated content extraction and a bookmark facility
Assets '00 Proceedings of the fourth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Evaluating web resources for disability access
Assets '00 Proceedings of the fourth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Evaluation of scanning user interfaces using real-time-data usage logs
Assets '00 Proceedings of the fourth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
A semantic transcoding system to adapt Web services for users with disabilities
Assets '00 Proceedings of the fourth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Transcoding proxy for nonvisual web access
Assets '00 Proceedings of the fourth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Interaction techniques for ambiguity resolution in recognition-based interfaces
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
LetterWise: prefix-based disambiguation for mobile text input
Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Nudge and shove: frequency thresholding for navigation in direct brain-computer interfaces
CHI '01 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A three-state model of graphical input
INTERACT '90 Proceedings of the IFIP TC13 Third Interational Conference on Human-Computer Interaction
Theoretical and architectural support for input device adaptation
CUU '03 Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Universal usability
The user experience: designs and adaptations
W4A '04 Proceedings of the 2004 international cross-disciplinary workshop on Web accessibility (W4A)
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Assistive technologies for traumatic brain injury
ACM SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing
Do text transcoders improve usability for disabled users?
W4A '05 Proceedings of the 2005 International Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Web Accessibility (W4A)
Taking control of web browsing
The New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia - Special issue: Accessible hypermedia and multimedia
Physical usability and the mobile web
W4A '06 Proceedings of the 2006 international cross-disciplinary workshop on Web accessibility (W4A): Building the mobile web: rediscovering accessibility?
Dynamically adapting GUIs to diverse input devices
Proceedings of the 8th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Improving web accessibility through an enhanced open-source browser
IBM Systems Journal
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Passwords for everyone: secure mnemonic-based accessible authentication
ATC'07 2007 USENIX Annual Technical Conference on Proceedings of the USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Evaluating web accessibility for specific mobile devices
W4A '08 Proceedings of the 2008 international cross-disciplinary conference on Web accessibility (W4A)
Age and web access: the next generation
Proceedings of the 2009 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibililty (W4A)
Text entry in the e-commerce age: two proposals for the severely handicapped
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research
Disability studies as a source of critical inquiry for the field of assistive technology
Proceedings of the 12th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Interfaces cérebro-computador de sistemas interativos: estado da arte e desafios de IHC
Proceedings of the 11th Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Performing Locomotion Tasks in Immersive Computer Games with an Adapted Eye-Tracking Interface
ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS)
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One of the first, most common, and most useful applications that today's computer users access is the World Wide Web (web). One population of users for whom the web is especially important is those with motor disabilities, because it may enable them to do things that they might not otherwise be able to do: shopping; getting an education; running a business. This is particularly important for low bandwidth users: users with such limited motor and speech that they can only produce one or two signals when communicating with a computer. We present requirements for low bandwidth web accessibility, and two tools that address these requirements. The first is a modified web browser, the second a proxy that modifies HTML. Both work without requiring web page authors to modify their pages.