How to generate cryptographically strong sequences of pseudo-random bits
SIAM Journal on Computing
How to construct random functions
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
STOC '87 Proceedings of the nineteenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
How to prove all NP-statements in zero-knowledge, and a methodology of cryptographic protocol design
Proceedings on Advances in cryptology---CRYPTO '86
How to prove yourself: practical solutions to identification and signature problems
Proceedings on Advances in cryptology---CRYPTO '86
RSA and Rabin functions: certain parts are as hard as the whole
SIAM Journal on Computing - Special issue on cryptography
A digital signature scheme secure against adaptive chosen-message attacks
SIAM Journal on Computing - Special issue on cryptography
How to construct pseudorandom permutations from pseudorandom functions
SIAM Journal on Computing - Special issue on cryptography
Minimum disclosure proofs of knowledge
Journal of Computer and System Sciences - 27th IEEE Conference on Foundations of Computer Science October 27-29, 1986
Completeness theorems for non-cryptographic fault-tolerant distributed computation
STOC '88 Proceedings of the twentieth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Multiparty unconditionally secure protocols
STOC '88 Proceedings of the twentieth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
The knowledge complexity of interactive proof systems
SIAM Journal on Computing
Fast correlation attacks on certain stream ciphers
Journal of Cryptology
Pseudo-random generation from one-way functions
STOC '89 Proceedings of the twenty-first annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
STOC '90 Proceedings of the twenty-second annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Reducing elliptic curve logarithms to logarithms in a finite field
STOC '91 Proceedings of the twenty-third annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
STOC '91 Proceedings of the twenty-third annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
A proposal for a new block encryption standard
EUROCRYPT '90 Proceedings of the workshop on the theory and application of cryptographic techniques on Advances in cryptology
Handbook of theoretical computer science (vol. A)
Approximating clique is almost NP-complete (preliminary version)
SFCS '91 Proceedings of the 32nd annual symposium on Foundations of computer science
Experimental quantum cryptography
Journal of Cryptology - Eurocrypt '90
Differential cryptanalysis of the data encryption standard
Differential cryptanalysis of the data encryption standard
Random oracles are practical: a paradigm for designing efficient protocols
CCS '93 Proceedings of the 1st ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Efficient signature schemes based on birational permutations
CRYPTO '93 Proceedings of the 13th annual international cryptology conference on Advances in cryptology
Linear cryptanalysis method for DES cipher
EUROCRYPT '93 Workshop on the theory and application of cryptographic techniques on Advances in cryptology
Probabilistically checkable proofs and their consequences for approximation algorithms
Discrete Mathematics - Special issue: trends in discrete mathematics
The official PGP user's guide
Generating hard instances of lattice problems (extended abstract)
STOC '96 Proceedings of the twenty-eighth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
A public-key cryptosystem with worst-case/average-case equivalence
STOC '97 Proceedings of the twenty-ninth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Algebraic aspects of cryptography
Algebraic aspects of cryptography
The random oracle methodology, revisited (preliminary version)
STOC '98 Proceedings of the thirtieth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
The Relationship Between Breaking the Diffie--Hellman Protocol and Computing Discrete Logarithms
SIAM Journal on Computing
A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems
Communications of the ACM
Secure communications over insecure channels
Communications of the ACM
The security of the cipher block chaining message authentication code
Journal of Computer and System Sciences
Cryptography: Theory and Practice
Cryptography: Theory and Practice
Advances in Cryptology: Proceedings of CRYPTO 83
Advances in Cryptology: Proceedings of CRYPTO 83
Handbook of Applied Cryptography
Handbook of Applied Cryptography
Elliptic Curve Public Key Cryptosystems
Elliptic Curve Public Key Cryptosystems
Pseudorandomness and Cryptographic Applications
Pseudorandomness and Cryptographic Applications
Cryptanalysis of the HFE Public Key Cryptosystem by Relinearization
CRYPTO '99 Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
CRYPTO '99 Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
CRYPTO '89 Proceedings of the 9th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Proof of Knowledge and Chosen Ciphertext Attack
CRYPTO '91 Proceedings of the 11th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Hardness of Computing the Most Significant Bits of Secret Keys in Diffie-Hellman and Related Schemes
CRYPTO '96 Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Timing Attacks on Implementations of Diffie-Hellman, RSA, DSS, and Other Systems
CRYPTO '96 Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Efficient Generation of Shared RSA Keys (Extended Abstract)
CRYPTO '97 Proceedings of the 17th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Public-Key Cryptosystems from Lattice Reduction Problems
CRYPTO '97 Proceedings of the 17th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Cryptanalysis of the Chor-Rivest Cryptosystem
CRYPTO '98 Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Chosen Ciphertext Attacks Against Protocols Based on the RSA Encryption Standard PKCS #1
CRYPTO '98 Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Cryptanalysis of the Ajtai-Dwork Cryptosystem
CRYPTO '98 Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
A Practical Public Key Cryptosystem Provably Secure Against Adaptive Chosen Ciphertext Attack
CRYPTO '98 Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Constructions of Freebly-One-Way Families of Permutations
ASIACRYPT '92 Proceedings of the Workshop on the Theory and Application of Cryptographic Techniques: Advances in Cryptology
Efficient Secure Multi-party Computation
ASIACRYPT '00 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
NTRU: A Ring-Based Public Key Cryptosystem
ANTS-III Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Algorithmic Number Theory
CRYPTO '89 Proceedings of the 9th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
The Security of Individual RSA Bits
FOCS '98 Proceedings of the 39th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
The Security of Individual RSA Bits
FOCS '98 Proceedings of the 39th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Protocols for secure computations
SFCS '82 Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
IP=PSPACE (interactive proof=polynomial space)
SFCS '90 Proceedings of the 31st Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Algorithms for quantum computation: discrete logarithms and factoring
SFCS '94 Proceedings of the 35th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Low-exponent RSA with related messages
EUROCRYPT'96 Proceedings of the 15th annual international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
EUROCRYPT'96 Proceedings of the 15th annual international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
Lower bounds for discrete logarithms and related problems
EUROCRYPT'97 Proceedings of the 16th annual international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
EUROCRYPT'91 Proceedings of the 10th annual international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
Factorization of a 512-bit RSA modulus
EUROCRYPT'00 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
Practical threshold signatures
EUROCRYPT'00 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
Efficient receipt-free voting based on homomorphic encryption
EUROCRYPT'00 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
An arbitrated quantum message signature scheme
CIS'04 Proceedings of the First international conference on Computational and Information Science
Improved merkle cryptosystem (IMC)
ISCIS'06 Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Computer and Information Sciences
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Cryptography is both a fascinating mathematical science and a key technology for the emerging information society, with theory and applications being closely related. This article reviews some highlights of the past ten years of research in cryptography and its applications and discusses some of the main challenges for future research. A major future research theme is to weaken the assumptions on which security proofs are based, in particular computational intractability assumptions, trust assumptions, and physical assumptions. These assumptions must be made explicit. Computation and communication are physical processes rather than mathematically idealized objects, involving for example quantum phenomena. This fact could have a profound impact on cryptographic research and implementations.