MRM server: a context-aware and location-based mobile e-commerce server
WMC '02 Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on Mobile commerce
User Interfaces for Applications on a Wrist Watch
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Designing a New Form Factor for Wearable Computing
IEEE Pervasive Computing
μSleep: a technique for reducing energy consumption in handheld devices
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
A compressed frame buffer to reduce display power consumption in mobile systems
Proceedings of the 2004 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Energy efficiency of handheld computer interfaces: limits, characterization and practice
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Lightweight user interfaces for watch based displays
AUIC '05 Proceedings of the Sixth Australasian conference on User interface - Volume 40
Dynamic Power Optimization Targeting User Delays in Interactive Systems
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Energy-Adaptive Display System Designs for Future Mobile Environments
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Mobile systems, applications and services
Dynamic refresh-rate scaling via frame buffer monitoring for power-aware LCD management
Software—Practice & Experience
Triage: balancing energy and quality of service in a microserver
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Mobile systems, applications and services
Power-saving color transformation of mobile graphical user interfaces on OLED-based displays
Proceedings of the 14th ACM/IEEE international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Power modeling of graphical user interfaces on OLED displays
Proceedings of the 46th Annual Design Automation Conference
An integrated heuristic approach to power-aware real-time scheduling
PACS'02 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Power-aware computer systems
Chameleon: a color-adaptive web browser for mobile OLED displays
MobiSys '11 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
SAMOS'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Embedded Computer Systems: architectures, Modeling, and Simulation
FOCUS: a usable & effective approach to OLED display power management
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM international joint conference on Pervasive and ubiquitous computing
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We recently demonstrated a high function wrist watch computer prototype that runs the Linux operating system and also X11 graphics libraries. In this paper we describe the unique energy related challenges and tradeoffs we encountered while building this watch. We show that the usage duty factor for the device heavily dictates which of the powers, active power or sleep power, needs to be minimized more aggressively in order to achieve the longest perceived battery life. We also describe the energy issues that percolate through several layers of software all the way from device usage scenarios, applications, user interfaces, system level software to device drivers. All of these need to be systematically addressed to achieve the battery life dictated by the hardware components and the capacity of the battery in the device.