Robust parsing strategies using multiple construction-specific strategies
Natural language parsing systems
Spelling correction in user interfaces
Communications of the ACM
An English language question answering system for a large relational database
Communications of the ACM
Computational Linguistics
Computational Linguistics
Responding intelligently to unparsable inputs
Computational Linguistics
Computational Linguistics
Recovery strategies for parsing extragrammatical language
Computational Linguistics - Special issue on ill-formed input
Discourse pragmatics and ellipsis resolution in task-oriented natural language interfaces
ACL '83 Proceedings of the 21st annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
A construction-specific approach to focused interaction in flexible parsing
ACL '81 Proceedings of the 19th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Towards a self-extending parser
ACL '79 Proceedings of the 17th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
The self-extending phrasal lexicon
Computational Linguistics - Special issue of the lexicon
Using semantics to correct parser output for ATIS utterances
HLT '91 Proceedings of the workshop on Speech and Natural Language
Composite document extended retrieval: an overview
SIGIR '85 Proceedings of the 8th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Disambiguation and language acquisition through the phrasal lexicon
COLING '86 Proceedings of the 11th coference on Computational linguistics
Two-component teaching system that understands and corrects mistakes
COLING '88 Proceedings of the 12th conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 1
A linguistic theory of robustness
COLING '90 Proceedings of the 13th conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 2
Automated rating of ESL essays
HLT-NAACL-EDUC '03 Proceedings of the HLT-NAACL 03 workshop on Building educational applications using natural language processing - Volume 2
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Practical natural language interfaces must exhibit robust behaviour in the presence of extragrammatical user input. This paper classifies different types of grammatical deviations and related phenomena at the lexical and sentential levels, discussing recovery strategies tailored to specific phenomena in the classification. Such strategies constitute a tool chest of computationally tractable methods for coping with extragrammaticality in restricted domain natural language. Some of the strategies have been tested and proven viable in existing parsers.