Automatic Detection of Human Nudes
International Journal of Computer Vision - 1998 Marr Prize
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
Support vector machine active learning for image retrieval
MULTIMEDIA '01 Proceedings of the ninth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Face Detection in Color Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
System for Screening Objectionable Images Using Daubechies' Wavelets and Color Histograms
IDMS '97 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Interactive Distributed Multimedia Systems and Telecommunication Services
Skin-Color Modeling and Adaptation
ACCV '98 Proceedings of the Third Asian Conference on Computer Vision-Volume II
MORF: A Distributed Multimodal Information Filtering System
PCM '02 Proceedings of the Third IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
Segmenting Hands of Arbitrary Color
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
Adaptive learning of an accurate skin-color model
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Face detection using quantized skin color regions merging andwavelet packet analysis
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Nonstationary color tracking for vision-based human-computer interaction
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
An adult image identification system employing image retrieval technique
Pattern Recognition Letters
A skin detection approach based on color distance map
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
Generalized Gaussian density for skin detection in DCT domai
Machine Graphics & Vision International Journal
A skin detection approach based on the Dempster--Shafer theory of evidence
International Journal of Approximate Reasoning
Mining search intents for collaborative cyberporn filtering
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
| Hi-index | 0.02 |
We propose an adaptive skin-detection method, which allows modelling and detection of the true skin-color pixels with significantly higher accuracy and flexibility than previous methods. In principle, the proposed approach follows a two-step process. For a given image, we first perform a rough skin classification using a generic skin-model which defines the Skin-Similar space. The Skin-Similar space often contains many non-skin pixels due to the inevitable overlap in the color space between skin pixels and some non-skin pixels under the generic skin-model. The objective of the second step is to reduce the false-positive rate by analyzing the image under consideration. Specifically, in the second step, a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), specific to the image under consideration and refined from its Skin-Similar space, is derived using the standard Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. We then use a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to identify the skin Gaussian from the trained GMM by incorporating spatial and shape information of the skin pixels. Moreover, we examine how the improvement on skin detection by this adaptive skin-model impacts the detection accuracy in the application of Objectionable Image Filtering. We further propose a two-level classification scheme based on hierarchical bagging to improve the accuracy. Results of extensive experiments on large databases demonstrate the effectiveness and benefits of our adaptive skin-model.