Face Detection in Color Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
ICAPR '01 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Advances in Pattern Recognition
On Selecting an Appropriate Colour Space for Skin Detection
MICAI '02 Proceedings of the Second Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Face Detection Based on Support Vector Machines
SVM '02 Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Pattern Recognition with Support Vector Machines
Skin Patch Detection in Real-World Images
Proceedings of the 24th DAGM Symposium on Pattern Recognition
Mouthbrush: drawing and painting by hand and mouth
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
A novel method for detecting lips, eyes and faces in real time
Real-Time Imaging - Special issue on spectral imaging
The Extension of Statistical Face Detection to Face Tracking
CRV '04 Proceedings of the 1st Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision
Fast and Accurate Skin Segmentation in Color Images
CRV '04 Proceedings of the 1st Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision
An adaptive skin model and its application to objectionable image filtering
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
Skin Segmentation Using Color Pixel Classification: Analysis and Comparison
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A novel color region homogenization and its application in improving skin detection accuracy
GRAPHITE '05 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and South East Asia
Fast and efficient algorithm for face detection in colour images
Machine Graphics & Vision International Journal
Pixel-based skin color detection technique
Machine Graphics & Vision International Journal
A survey of skin-color modeling and detection methods
Pattern Recognition
Naked image detection based on adaptive and extensible skin color model
Pattern Recognition
Recognition of Pornographic Web Pages by Classifying Texts and Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Objective evaluation of approaches of skin detection using ROC analysis
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Tools for protecting the privacy of specific individuals in video
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Task-based evaluation of skin detection for communication and perceptual interfaces
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation
Fusion of the complementary Discrete Cosine Features in the YIQ color space for face recognition
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Image and Vision Computing
Fast nonparametric belief propagation for real-time stereo articulated body tracking
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Skin Color Profile Capture for Scale and Rotation Invariant Hand Gesture Recognition
Gesture-Based Human-Computer Interaction and Simulation
Detection and segmentation of moving objects in complex scenes
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
IEICE - Transactions on Information and Systems
Face detection for video summary using illumination-compensation and morphological processing
Pattern Recognition Letters
Generalized Gaussian density for skin detection in DCT domai
Machine Graphics & Vision International Journal
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Interaction Sciences: Information Technology, Culture and Human
ICA color space for pattern recognition
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
On the performance of kernel methods for skin color segmentation
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
Combinatorial Color Space Models for Skin Detection in Sub-continental Human Images
IVIC '09 Proceedings of the 1st International Visual Informatics Conference on Visual Informatics: Bridging Research and Practice
Skin detection using pairwise models
Image and Vision Computing
Confidence based gating of colour features for face authentication
MCS'07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Multiple classifier systems
A region-based skin color detection algorithm
PAKDD'07 Proceedings of the 11th Pacific-Asia conference on Advances in knowledge discovery and data mining
A label field fusion Bayesian model and its penalized maximum rand estimator for image segmentation
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Effect of colorspace transformation, the illuminance component, and color modeling on skin detection
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
A real-time face detection and recognition system for a mobile robot in a complex background
Artificial Life and Robotics
A study on stronger face recognition utilizing color information
CSECS '10 Proceedings of the 9th WSEAS international conference on Circuits, systems, electronics, control & signal processing
Adaptive learning of an accurate skin-color model
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Mouth state estimation in mobile computing environment
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Red-handed: collaborative gesture interaction with a projection table
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Body parts detection in gesture recognition using color information
Proceedings of the International Conference & Workshop on Emerging Trends in Technology
ISCIS'06 Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Computer and Information Sciences
Probability approximation using best-tree distribution for skin detection
ACIVS'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Advanced Concepts For Intelligent Vision Systems
New fuzzy skin model for face detection
AI'05 Proceedings of the 18th Australian Joint conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Comparative assessment of content-based face image retrieval in different color spaces
AVBPA'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
Face and facial feature localization
ICIAP'05 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Image Analysis and Processing
Robust face recognition from images with varying pose
ICIAR'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition
Feature extraction used for face localization based on skin color
ICIAR'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition
Pose-invariant face recognition using deformation analysis
BVAI'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Brain, Vision, and Artificial Intelligence
A skin detection approach based on the Dempster--Shafer theory of evidence
International Journal of Approximate Reasoning
Efficient skin detection under severe illumination changes and shadows
ICIRA'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Intelligent Robotics and Applications - Volume Part II
Computational strategies for skin detection
CCIW'13 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Computational Color Imaging
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Hi-index | 0.00 |
This paper presents an analysis of the performance of two different skin chrominance models and of nine different chrominance spaces for the color segmentation and subsequent detection of human faces in two-dimensional static images. For each space, we use the single Gaussian model based on the Mahalanobis metric and a Gaussian mixture density model to segment faces from scene backgrounds. In the case of the mixture density model, the skin chrominance distribution is estimated by use of the Expectation- Maximization (EM) algorithm [14]. Feature extraction is performed on the segmented images by use of invariant Fourier-Mellin moments [21]. A multilayer perceptron neural network (NN), with the invariant moments as the input vector, is then applied to distinguish faces from distractors. With the single Gaussian model, normalized color spaces are shown to produce the best segmentation results, and subsequently the highest rate of face detection.The results are comparable to those obtained with the more sophisticated mixture density model. However, the mixture density model improves the segmentation and face detection results significantly for most of the un-normalized color spaces. Ultimately, we show that, for each chrominance space, the detection efficiency depends on the capacity of each model to estimate the skin chrominance distribution and, most importantly, on the discriminability between skin and "non-skin" distributions.