Inducing Features of Random Fields
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Making large-scale support vector machine learning practical
Advances in kernel methods
An Algorithm that Learns What‘s in a Name
Machine Learning - Special issue on natural language learning
A re-examination of text categorization methods
Proceedings of the 22nd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
High performance question/answering
Proceedings of the 24th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Towards a standard upper ontology
Proceedings of the international conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems - Volume 2001
Probabilistic question answering on the web
Proceedings of the 11th international conference on World Wide Web
Task orientation in question answering
SIGIR '02 Proceedings of the 25th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
A Tutorial on Support Vector Machines for Pattern Recognition
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
ICML '99 Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference on Machine Learning
Question classification using support vector machines
Proceedings of the 26th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in informaion retrieval
Word-sense disambiguation using statistical methods
ACL '91 Proceedings of the 29th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Proceedings of the 27th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Answering what-is questions by Virtual Annotation
HLT '01 Proceedings of the first international conference on Human language technology research
Toward semantics-based answer pinpointing
HLT '01 Proceedings of the first international conference on Human language technology research
COLING '02 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 1
A question/answer typology with surface text patterns
HLT '02 Proceedings of the second international conference on Human Language Technology Research
Evaluating high accuracy retrieval techniques
Proceedings of the 27th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Finding similar questions in large question and answer archives
Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
Automatic new topic identification using multiple linear regression
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Identifying and improving retrieval for procedural questions
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
ICADL 08 Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries: Universal and Ubiquitous Access to Information
A Parallel Corpus Labeled Using Open and Restricted Domain Ontologies
CICLing '09 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing
Classifying what-type questions by head noun tagging
COLING '08 Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Computational Linguistics - Volume 1
Learning question paraphrases for QA from Encarta logs
IJCAI'07 Proceedings of the 20th international joint conference on Artifical intelligence
A proposal of expected answer type and named entity annotation in a question answering context
HSI'09 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Human System Interactions
Intent-Based Categorization of Search Results Using Questions from Web Q&A Corpus
WISE '09 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering
Developing a question answering system for the slovene language
WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications
A Chinese question classification using one-vs-one method as a learning tool
International Journal of Intelligent Information and Database Systems
Understanding the semantic structure of noun phrase queries
ACL '10 Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics
Vietnamese Knowledge Base development and exploitation
International Journal of Business Intelligence and Data Mining
From symbolic to sub-symbolic information in question classification
Artificial Intelligence Review
Question classification for a Croatian QA system
TSD'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Text, speech and dialogue
Detecting Intent of Web Queries Using Questions and Answers in CQA Corpus
WI-IAT '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology - Volume 01
Intent feature discovery using Q&A corpus and web data
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Uniquitous Information Management and Communication
ICIC'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Advances in Intelligent Computing - Volume Part I
Search intent discovery by structurization of community QA contents
WISE'12 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Web Information Systems Engineering
Towards a Protein-Protein Interaction information extraction system: Recognizing named entities
Knowledge-Based Systems
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Question classification systems play an important role in question answering systems and can be used in a wide range of other domains. The goal of question classification is to accurately assign labels to questions based on expected answer type. Most approaches in the past have relied on matching questions against hand-crafted rules. However, rules require laborious effort to create and often suffer from being too specific. Statistical question classification methods overcome these issues by employing machine learning techniques. We empirically show that a statistical approach is robust and achieves good performance on three diverse data sets with little or no hand tuning. Furthermore, we examine the role different syntactic and semantic features have on performance. We find that semantic features tend to increase performance more than purely syntactic features. Finally, we analyze common causes of misclassification error and provide insight into ways they may be overcome.