Exposing digital forgeries by detecting inconsistencies in lighting

  • Authors:
  • Micah K. Johnson;Hany Farid

  • Affiliations:
  • Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH;Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH

  • Venue:
  • MM&Sec '05 Proceedings of the 7th workshop on Multimedia and security
  • Year:
  • 2005

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Abstract

When creating a digital composite of, for example, two people standing side-by-side, it is often difficult to match the lighting conditions from the individual photographs. Lighting inconsistencies can therefore be a useful tool for revealing traces of digital tampering. Borrowing and extending tools from the field of computer vision, we describe how the direction of a point light source can be estimated from only a single image. We show the efficacy of this approach in real-world settings.