Exposing digital forgeries through specular highlights on the eye

  • Authors:
  • Micah K. Johnson;Hany Farid

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH;Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH

  • Venue:
  • IH'07 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Information hiding
  • Year:
  • 2007

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Abstract

When creating a digital composite of two people, it is difficult to exactly match the lighting conditions under which each individual was originally photographed. In many situations, the light source in a scene gives rise to a specular highlight on the eyes. We show how the direction to a light source can be estimated from this highlight. Inconsistencies in lighting across an image are then used to reveal traces of digital tampering.