Analysis, modeling and generation of self-similar VBR video traffic
SIGCOMM '94 Proceedings of the conference on Communications architectures, protocols and applications
Error control techniques for interactive low-bit rate video transmission over the Internet
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '98 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Modeling TCP throughput: a simple model and its empirical validation
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '98 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Packet loss effects on MPEG video sent over the public Internet
MULTIMEDIA '98 Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on Multimedia
An integrated congestion management architecture for Internet hosts
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Promoting the use of end-to-end congestion control in the Internet
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Equation-based congestion control for unicast applications
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication
Measurement study of low-bitrate internet video streaming
IMW '01 Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Internet Measurement
An empirical study of realvideo performance across the internet
IMW '01 Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Internet Measurement
Impact of link failures on VoIP performance
NOSSDAV '02 Proceedings of the 12th international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video
MPEG Video Compression Standard
MPEG Video Compression Standard
An MPEG performance model and its application to adaptive forward error correction
Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Multimedia
A model for MPEG with forward error correction and TCP-friendly bandwidth
NOSSDAV '03 Proceedings of the 13th international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video
Statistical properties of MPEG video traffic and their impact on traffic modeling in ATM systems
LCN '95 Proceedings of the 20th Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks
QoS-Sensitive Transport of Real-Time MPEG Video using Adaptive Forward Error Correction
ICMCS '99 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 2
Statistical characteristics and multiplexing of MPEG streams
INFOCOM '95 Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communication Societies (Vol. 2)-Volume - Volume 2
Controlling High-Bandwidth Flows at the Congested Router
ICNP '01 Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Network Protocols
Priority encoding transmission
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory - Part 1
On combining temporal scaling and quality scaling for streaming MPEG
Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video
ARMOR - A system for adjusting repair and media scaling for video streaming
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation
An unequal error protection mechanism for video streaming over IEEE 802.11e WLANs
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
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New TCP-friendly constraints require multimedia flows to reduce their data rates under packet loss to that of a conformant TCP flow. To reduce data rates while preserving real-time playout, temporal scaling can be used to discard the encoded multimedia frames that have the least impact on perceived video quality. To limit the impact of lost packets, Forward Error Correction (FEC) can be used to repair frames damaged by packet loss. However, adding FEC requires further reduction of multimedia data, making the decision of how much FEC to use of critical importance. Current approaches use either inflexible FEC patterns or adapt to packet loss on the network without regard to TCP-friendly data rate constraints. In this article, we analytically model the playable frame rate of a TCP-friendly MPEG stream with FEC and temporal scaling, capturing the impact of distributing FEC within MPEG frame types with interframe dependencies. For a given network condition and MPEG video encoding, we use our model to exhaustively search for the optimal combination of FEC and temporal scaling that yields the highest playable frame rate within TCP-friendly constraints. Analytic experiments over a range of network and application conditions indicate that adjustable FEC with temporal scaling can provide a significant performance improvement over current approaches. Extensive simulation experiments based on Internet traces show that our model can be effective as part of a streaming protocol that chooses FEC and temporal scaling patterns that meet dynamically-changing application and network conditions.