Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Artificial intelligence: a modern approach
Artificial intelligence: a modern approach
Computer graphics (2nd ed.): C version
Computer graphics (2nd ed.): C version
Building Product Models: Computer Environments Supporting Design and Construction
Building Product Models: Computer Environments Supporting Design and Construction
Virtual Human Life Simulation and Database: Why and How
DANTE '99 Proceedings of the 1999 International Symposium on Database Applications in Non-Traditional Environments
SVG Unleashed
Artificial animals for computer animation: biomechanics, locomotion, perception, and behavior
Artificial animals for computer animation: biomechanics, locomotion, perception, and behavior
Learning the Behavior of Users in a Public Space through Video Tracking
WACV-MOTION '05 Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE Workshops on Application of Computer Vision (WACV/MOTION'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
Automatic Generation of Virtual Computer Rooms on the Internet Using X3D
ICCS '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Computational Science, Part II
Interactive stories on the net: a model and an architecture for X3D worlds
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on 3D Web Technology
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This paper presents a new environment-user modeling approach that utilizes and integrates Web-based 2D and 3D technologies (SVG and X3D/VRML) for architectural visualization and demonstrates their applications in environmental behavior simulation. Our environment model possesses not only geometric information of design elements but also non-geometric information about the usability of these elements, specifically, the relationships between the elements and the intended users. This relationship, which was implicitly understood by designers, now becomes explicit to simulated users (Virtual Users), through XML's rich semantics. Our approach utilizes CAD models and automates the conversion from CAD models to usability-based environment models (in SVG and X3D formats) and therefore requires minimal additional effort in preparing environment data for behavior simulation, which has proven to be efficient and effective. It also utilizes humanoid models (H-Anim in VRML) and builds agent-based Virtual User models that emulate the appearance, cognition, social traits, and physical behaviors of real users. The application of this approach in architecture results in the simulation and visualization of users' behavior in public spaces that can help evaluate the impact of environments on human behavior.