Earcons and Icons: Their Structure and Common Design Principles (Abstract only)
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
A First Investigation into the Effectiveness of Tactons
WHC '05 Proceedings of the First Joint Eurohaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems
Cutaneous grooves: composing for the sense of touch
NIME '02 Proceedings of the 2002 conference on New interfaces for musical expression
Multidimensional tactons for non-visual information presentation in mobile devices
Proceedings of the 8th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
The body surface as a communication system: The state of the art after 50 years
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Designing haptic icons to support collaborative turn-taking
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Benefits of Perceptually Transparent Vibration Rendering in Mobile Device
EuroHaptics '08 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Haptics: Perception, Devices and Scenarios
Towards identifying distinguishable tactons for use with mobile devices
Proceedings of the 11th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
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Tactile icons (Tactons) are structured vibrotactile messages which can be used for non visual information display. Information is encoded in Tactons by manipulating vibrotactile parameters. This research investigates the possibilities of applying musical techniques to tactile icon design in order to define such parameters. Tactile versions of musical dynamics were created by manipulating the amplitude of vibrations to create increasing, decreasing, and level stimuli and an experiment was carried out to test perception of these stimuli. Identification rates of 92%-100% indicate that these tactile dynamics can be identified and distinguished from each other, and that tactile dynamics could be used in Tacton design.