Application of the Karhunen-Loeve Procedure for the Characterization of Human Faces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Introduction to statistical pattern recognition (2nd ed.)
Introduction to statistical pattern recognition (2nd ed.)
Nonlinear component analysis as a kernel eigenvalue problem
Neural Computation
The FERET Evaluation Methodology for Face-Recognition Algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Principal Manifolds and Probabilistic Subspaces for Visual Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Lambertian Reflectance and Linear Subspaces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face Recognition Using Temporal Image Sequence
FG '98 Proceedings of the 3rd. International Conference on Face & Gesture Recognition
Learning over sets using kernel principal angles
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
A Unified Framework for Subspace Face Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
A study on speaker adaptation of the parameters of continuousdensity hidden Markov models
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Rapid and brief communication: Further results on the subspace distance
Pattern Recognition
Local Discriminant Wavelet Packet Coordinates for Face Recognition
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
A feature extraction approach based on typical samples and its application to face recognition
SPPR'07 Proceedings of the Fourth conference on IASTED International Conference: Signal Processing, Pattern Recognition, and Applications
Grassmann discriminant analysis: a unifying view on subspace-based learning
Proceedings of the 25th international conference on Machine learning
Semantic Spaces: Measuring the Distance between Different Subspaces
QI '09 Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Quantum Interaction
A feature extraction approach based on typical samples and its application to face recognition
SPPRA '07 Proceedings of the Fourth IASTED International Conference on Signal Processing, Pattern Recognition, and Applications
Kernel discriminant transformation for image set-based face recognition
Pattern Recognition
ICIAR'06 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition - Volume Part II
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We propose subspace distance measures to analyze the similarity between intrapersonal face subspaces, which characterize the variations between face images of the same individual. We call the conventional intrapersonal subspace average intrapersonal subspace (AIS) because the image differences often come from a large number of persons. An intrapersonal subspace is referred to as specific intrapersonal subspace (SIS) if the image differences are from just one person. We demonstrate that SIS varies significantly from person to person, and most SISs are not similar to AIS. Based on these observations, we introduce the maximum a posteriori (MAP) adaptation to the problem of SIS estimation, and apply it to the Bayesian face recognition algorithm. Experimental results show that the adaptive Bayesian algorithm outperforms the non-adaptive Bayesian algorithm as well as Eigenface and Fisherface methods if a small number of adaptation images are available.