Low-string on-chip signaling techniques: effectiveness and robustness
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems - Special section on low-power electronics and design
A twisted-bundle layout structure for minimizing inductive coupling noise
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Optimal Algorithm for Minimizing the Number of Twists in an On-Chip Bus
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe - Volume 2
Low-power on-chip communication based on transition-aware global signaling (TAGS)
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
A 9-Gbit/s serial transceiver for on-chip global signaling over lossy transmission lines
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Part I: Regular Papers - Special section on 2008 custom integrated circuits conference (CICC 2008)
Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
Low-power, high-speed transceivers for network-on-chip communication
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
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Crosstalk limits the achievable data rate of global on-chip interconnects on large CMOS ICs. This is especially the case, if low-swing signaling is used to reduce power consumption. Differential interconnects provide a solution for most crosstalk and noise sources, but not for neighbor-to-neighbor crosstalk in a data bus. This neighbor-to-neighbor crosstalk can be reduced with twists in the differential interconnect pairs. To reduce via resistance and metal layer use, we use as few twists as possible by placing only one twist in every even interconnect pair and only two twists in every odd interconnect pair. Analysis shows that there are optimal positions for the twists, which depend on the termination impedances of the interconnects. Theory and measurements on a 10-mm-long bus in 0.13-µm CMOS show that only one twist at 50% of the even interconnect pairs, two twists at 30% and 70% of the odd interconnect pairs, and both a low-ohmic source and a low-ohmic load impedance are very effective in mitigating the crosstalk.