Beyond the chalkboard: computer support for collaboration and problem solving in meetings
Communications of the ACM
Heuristic evaluation of user interfaces
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Cognitive walkthroughs: a method for theory-based evaluation of user interfaces
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Wizard of Oz studies: why and how
IUI '93 Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Communications of the ACM
Low vs. high-fidelity prototyping debate
interactions
Interactive sketching for the early stages of user interface design
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Hypermedia structures and the division of labor in meeting room collaboration
CSCW '96 Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
i-LAND: an interactive landscape for creativity and innovation
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Augmented surfaces: a spatially continuous work space for hybrid computing environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The effects of workspace awareness support on the usability of real-time distributed groupware
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Transcending the individual human mind—creating shared understanding through collaborative design
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on human-computer interaction in the new millennium, Part 1
Using handhelds and PCs together
Communications of the ACM
Connectables: dynamic coupling of displays for the flexible creation of shared workspaces
Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
The Interactive Workspaces Project: Experiences with Ubiquitous Computing Rooms
IEEE Pervasive Computing
A Middleware Infrastructure for Active Spaces
IEEE Pervasive Computing
ICrafter: A Service Framework for Ubiquitous Computing Environments
UbiComp '01 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Ubiquitous Computing
Multibrowsing: Moving Web Content across Multiple Displays
UbiComp '01 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Ubiquitous Computing
The Event Heap: A Coordination Infrastructure for Interactive Workspaces
WMCSA '02 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications
Capturing user tests in a multimodal, multidevice informal prototyping tool
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
WinCuts: manipulating arbitrary window regions for more effective use of screen space
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
ARIS: an interface for application relocation in an interactive space
GI '04 Proceedings of the 2004 Graphics Interface Conference
MultiSpace: Enabling Electronic Document Micro-mobility in Table-Centric, Multi-Device Environments
TABLETOP '06 Proceedings of the First IEEE International Workshop on Horizontal Interactive Human-Computer Systems
Improving interfaces for managing applications in multiple-device environments
Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
Improving scalability and awareness in iconic interfaces for multiple-device environments
Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
Interaction design of tools for fostering creativity in the early stages of information design
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special issue: Computer support for creativity
Put them where? towards guidelines for positioning large displays in interactive workspaces
INTERACT'05 Proceedings of the 2005 IFIP TC13 international conference on Human-Computer Interaction
A toolset for creating iconic interfaces for interactive workspaces
INTERACT'05 Proceedings of the 2005 IFIP TC13 international conference on Human-Computer Interaction
Web User Interface Design Strategy: Designing for Device Independence
UAHCI '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Addressing Diversity. Part I: Held as Part of HCI International 2009
Layered elaboration: a new technique for co-design with children
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the 8th ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems
Unpacking the temporal advantage of distributing complex visual displays
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Using a Participatory Action Research Approach to Design a Lecture Podcasting System
International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning
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A multiple display environment (MDE) networks personal and shared devices to form a virtual workspace, and designers are just beginning to grapple with the challenges of developing interfaces tailored for these environments. To develop effective interfaces for MDEs, designers must employ methods that allow them to rapidly generate and test alternative designs early in the design process. Paper prototyping offers one promising method, but needs to be adapted to effectively simulate the use of multiple displays and allow testing with groups of users. In this paper, we share experiences from two projects in which paper prototyping was utilized to explore interfaces for MDEs. We identify problems encountered when applying the traditional method, describe how these problems were overcome, and distill our experiences into recommendations that others can draw upon. By following our recommendations, designers need only make minor modifications to the existing method to better realize benefits of paper prototyping for MDEs.