Natural artificial languages: low level processes
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Organization and learnability in computer languages
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies - Lecture notes in computer science Vol. 174
Programming language concepts (2nd ed.)
Programming language concepts (2nd ed.)
Fundamentals of programming languages (2nd ed.)
Fundamentals of programming languages (2nd ed.)
Structured computer organization; (2nd ed.)
Structured computer organization; (2nd ed.)
Principles of programming languages (3rd ed.): design, evaluation, and implementation
Principles of programming languages (3rd ed.): design, evaluation, and implementation
Advances in Computer Architecture
Advances in Computer Architecture
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
The user's perception of the interaction language: A two-level model
CHI '83 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Learning and remembering command names
CHI '82 Proceedings of the 1982 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Evaluating the suggestiveness of command names
CHI '82 Proceedings of the 1982 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Psychological issues in the use of icons in command menus
CHI '82 Proceedings of the 1982 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
User perceptual mechanisms in the search of computer command menus
CHI '82 Proceedings of the 1982 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Learning to text edit: semantics in procedural skill acquisition
Learning to text edit: semantics in procedural skill acquisition
Formal Grammar and Human Factors Design of an Interactive Graphics System
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Research has shown that organization plays an important role in memory. This study applies these findings to the design of a command language. The concept of orthogonality was used to maximize the internal organization of a text-editing command language. In Experiments 1 and 2, this orthogonal language was compared to an organized, but nonorthogonal, and an antiorganized language on measures of predictability, recall, and performance. Subjects in the orthogonal language condition performed better than subjects in the other conditions on all measures. In a third experiment, steps were taken to eliminate possible confounding effects of mnemonics. The orthogonal language was compared to the organized language on measures of recall and performance. Even without the aid of mnemonics, subjects in the orthogonal language condition performed better on the recall test than subjects in the organized language condition. In addition, analysis of keystroke data revealed that subjects using the orthogonal language required less time to think of appropriate commands to accomplish their tasks. General steps necessary to design an orthogonal language are discussed.