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Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Expert Chording Text Entry on the Twiddler One-Handed Keyboard
ISWC '04 Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Wearable Computers
ISWC '05 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers
One-handed touch typing on a QWERTY keyboard
Human-Computer Interaction
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Text Entry Systems: Mobility, Accessibility, Universality
Automatic whiteout++: correcting mini-QWERTY typing errors using keypress timing
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
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The HandyKey TwiddlerTM is a one-handed chording mobile keyboard that employs a 3 × 4 button design, similar to that of a standard mobile telephone. We present a longitudinal study of novice users' learning rates on the Twiddler. Ten participants typed for 20 sessions using 2 different text entry methods. Each session was composed of 20 min of typing with multitap and 20 min of one-handed chording on the Twiddler.We found that users initially had a faster average typing rate with multitap; however, after 4 sessions the difference became negligible, and by the 8th session participants typed faster with chording on the Twiddler. Five participants continued our study and achieved an average rate of 47 words per minute (wpm) after approximately 25 hr of practice in varying conditions. One participant achieved an average rate of 67 wpm, equivalent to the typing rate of the 2nd author, who has been a Twiddler user for 10 years.We analyze the effects of learning on various aspects of chording, provide evidence that lack of visual feedback does not hinder expert typing speed, and examine the potential use of multicharacter chords (MCCs) to increase text entry speed. Finally, we explore improving novice user's experience with the Twiddler through the use of a chording tutorial.