Specifying gestures by example
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 11th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Nonlinear component analysis as a kernel eigenvalue problem
Neural Computation
Teddy: a sketching interface for 3D freeform design
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Visual similarity of pen gestures
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Qualitative rigid-body mechanics
Artificial Intelligence
Sketching for military courses of action diagrams
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Interpreting Sloppy Stick Figures by Graph Rectification and Constraint-Based Matching
GREC '01 Selected Papers from the Fourth International Workshop on Graphics Recognition Algorithms and Applications
Image Database Retrieval of Rotated Objects by User Sketch
CBAIVL '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Content - Based Access of Image and Video Libraries
Laplacian Eigenmaps for dimensionality reduction and data representation
Neural Computation
Think globally, fit locally: unsupervised learning of low dimensional manifolds
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Sketch based interfaces: early processing for sketch understanding
Proceedings of the 2001 workshop on Perceptive user interfaces
A spatio-temporal extension to Isomap nonlinear dimension reduction
ICML '04 Proceedings of the twenty-first international conference on Machine learning
MathPad2: a system for the creation and exploration of mathematical sketches
ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers
SketchREAD: a multi-domain sketch recognition engine
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Pattern Recognition
Sketch interpretation using multiscale stochastic models of temporal patterns
Sketch interpretation using multiscale stochastic models of temporal patterns
An efficient graph-based recognizer for hand-drawn symbols
Computers and Graphics
Gestures without libraries, toolkits or training: a $1 recognizer for user interface prototypes
Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Ink features for diagram recognition
SBIM '07 Proceedings of the 4th Eurographics workshop on Sketch-based interfaces and modeling
LADDER, a sketching language for user interface developers
Computers and Graphics
Adaptive online multi-stroke sketch recognition based on hidden markov model
ICMLC'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Advances in Machine Learning and Cybernetics
Mercer kernel-based clustering in feature space
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
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Current feature-based gesture recognition systems use human-chosen features to perform recognition. Effective features for classification can also be automatically learned and chosen by the computer. In other recognition domains, such as face recognition, manifold learning methods have been found to be good nonlinear feature extractors. Few manifold learning algorithms, however, have been applied to gesture recognition. Current manifold learning techniques focus only on spatial information, making them undesirable for use in the domain of gesture recognition where stroke timing data can provide helpful insight into the recognition of hand-drawn symbols. In this paper, we develop a new algorithm for multi-stroke gesture recognition, which integrates timing data into a manifold learning algorithm based on a kernel Isomap. Experimental results show it to perform better than traditional human-chosen feature-based systems.