An end-to-end communication architecture for collaborative virtual environments
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
A synchronization mechanism for continuous media in multimedia communications
INFOCOM '95 Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communication Societies (Vol. 3)-Volume - Volume 3
NIST Net: a Linux-based network emulation tool
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Transatlantic touch: a study of haptic collaboration over long distance
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: Advances in collaborative virtual environments
Motion Synchronization in Virtual Environments with Shared Haptics and Large Time Delays
WHC '05 Proceedings of the First Joint Eurohaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems
An intra-stream synchronization algorithm for haptic media in networked virtual environments
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology
Group synchronization control for haptic media in networked virtual environments
HAPTICS'04 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Haptic interfaces for virtual environment and teleoperator systems
Supermedia transport for teleoperations over overlay networks
NETWORKING'05 Proceedings of the 4th IFIP-TC6 international conference on Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile and Wireless Communication Systems
Trends in networked collaborative virtual environments
Computer Communications
Cost-effective haptic-based networked virtual environments with high-resolution tiled display
Multimedia Tools and Applications
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Haptic-based NVEs (networked virtual environments) with CS (client/server) communication architectures support better consistency but induce larger end-to-end delays than those with P2P (peer-to-peer) communication architectures. Unfortunately, large delay severely deteriorates the transparency (i.e., reality) of haptic interaction. To improve the haptic interaction quality for haptic-based NVEs with CS communication architectures, in this paper the degradation of haptic interaction quality is analyzed according to network delays. Based on the analysis, the maximum allowable delay bound is predicted and unrealistic force feedback caused by the network delay is compensated. Experimental results confirm that the proposed analysis provides an acceptable quantification method about haptic interaction quality and that the proposed delay-compensation scheme effectively improves haptic interaction quality with respect to network delays.