Annotating real-world objects using augmented reality
Computer graphics
An empirical study of algorithms for point-feature label placement
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
View management for virtual and augmented reality
Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Evaluating Label Placement for Augmented Reality View Management
ISMAR '03 Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
3DUI '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces
Label segregation by remapping stereoscopic depth in far-field augmented reality
ISMAR '08 Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Real-Time video annotations for augmented reality
ISVC'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Advances in Visual Computing
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This paper reports on an experiment comparing label placement techniques in a dynamic virtual environment rendered on a stereoscopic display. The labeled objects are in motion, and thus labels need to continuously maintain separation for legibility. The results from our user study show that traditional label placement algorithms, which always strive for full label separation in the 2D view plane, produce motion that disturbs the user in a visual search task. Alternative algorithms maintaining separation in only one spatial dimension are rated less disturbing, even though several modifications are made to traditional algorithms for reducing the amount and salience of label motion. Maintaining depth separation of labels through stereoscopic disparity adjustments is judged the least disturbing, while such separation yields similar user performance to traditional algorithms. These results are important in the design of future 3D user interfaces, where disturbing or distracting motion due to object labeling should be avoided.