An empirical study of algorithms for point-feature label placement
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
A unified approach to labeling graphical features
Proceedings of the fourteenth annual symposium on Computational geometry
Clustering based simulated annealing for standard cell placement
DAC '88 Proceedings of the 25th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
Visualization of conflicts and resolutions in a “free flight” scenario (case study)
VIS '99 Proceedings of the conference on Visualization '99: celebrating ten years
Practical extensions of point labeling in the slider model
Proceedings of the 7th ACM international symposium on Advances in geographic information systems
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IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
ISMAR '02 Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Automatic Determination of Text Readability over Textured Backgrounds for Augmented Reality Systems
ISMAR '04 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Determining text readability over textured backgrounds in augmented reality systems
VRCAI '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH international conference on Virtual Reality continuum and its applications in industry
Annotating User-Viewed Objects for Wearable AR Systems
ISMAR '05 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
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Proceedings of the 21st annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Comparing disparity based label segregation in augmented and virtual reality
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Evaluation of Alternative Label Placement Techniques in Dynamic Virtual Environments
SG '09 Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Smart Graphics
Label segregation by remapping stereoscopic depth in far-field augmented reality
ISMAR '08 Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Efficient Annotation Visualization Using Distinctive Features
Proceedings of the Symposium on Human Interface 2009 on Human Interface and the Management of Information. Information and Interaction. Part II: Held as part of HCI International 2009
View management of annotations for wearable augmented reality
ICME'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Multimedia and Expo
Integrating Text with Video and 3D Graphics: The Effects of Text Drawing Styles on Text Readability
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Distributed design review using tangible augmented technical drawings
Computer-Aided Design
Real-Time video annotations for augmented reality
ISVC'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Advances in Visual Computing
Metrics for functional and aesthetic label layouts
SG'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Smart Graphics
Form follows function: aesthetic interactive labels
Computational Aesthetics'05 Proceedings of the First Eurographics conference on Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization and Imaging
A view management method for mobile mixed reality systems
EGVE'08 Proceedings of the 14th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
EGVE'06 Proceedings of the 12th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
Automated positioning of annotations in immersive virtual environments
EGVE - JVRC'10 Proceedings of the 16th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments & Second Joint Virtual Reality
Analytic review of usability evaluation in ISMAR
Interacting with Computers
Dynamic text management for see-through wearable and heads-up display systems
Proceedings of the 2013 international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
On the design of a Dual-Mode User Interface for accessing 3D content on the World Wide Web
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
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View management, a relatively new area of research inAugmented Reality (AR) applications, is about the spatiallayout of 2D virtual annotations in the view plane. Thispaper represents the first study in an actual ARapplication of a specific view management task:evaluating the placement of 2D virtual labels thatidentify information about real counterparts. Here, weobjectively evaluated four different placement algorithms,including a novel algorithm for placement based onidentifying existing clusters. The evaluation includedboth a statistical analysis of traditional metrics (e.g.counting overlaps) and an empirical user study guided byprinciples from human cognition. The numericalanalysis of the three real-time algorithms revealed thatour new cluster-based method recorded the best averageplacement accuracy while requiring only relativelymoderate computation time. Measures of objectivereadability from the user study demonstrated that inpractice, human subjects were able to read labels fastestwith the algorithms that most quickly prevented overlap,even if placement wasn't ideal.