Glancing at personal navigation devices can affect driving: experimental results and design implications

Authors:
Andrew L. Kun;Tim Paek;Željko Medenica;Nemanja Memarović;Oskar Palinko
Affiliations:
University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH;Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA;University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH;University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH;University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH
Venue:
Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Year:
2009

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Abstract

Nowadays, personal navigation devices (PNDs) that provide GPS-based directions are widespread in vehicles. These devices typically display the real-time location of the vehicle on a map and play spoken prompts when drivers need to turn. While such devices are less distracting than paper directions, their graphical display may distract users from their primary task of driving. In experiments conducted with a high fidelity driving simulator, we found that drivers using a navigation system with a graphical display indeed spent less time looking at the road compared to those using a navigation system with spoken directions only. Furthermore, glancing at the display was correlated with higher variance in driving performance measures. We discuss the implications of these findings on PND design for vehicles.