Untraceable electronic mail, return addresses, and digital pseudonyms
Communications of the ACM
Design and implementation of the idemix anonymous credential system
Proceedings of the 9th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Location Privacy in Pervasive Computing
IEEE Pervasive Computing
A delay-tolerant network architecture for challenged internets
Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Mix Zones: User Privacy in Location-aware Services
PERCOMW '04 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Annual Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops
Rational secret sharing and multiparty computation: extended abstract
STOC '04 Proceedings of the thirty-sixth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Vehicle-to-vehicle safety messaging in DSRC
Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Vehicular ad hoc networks
Computing best-response strategies in infinite games of incomplete information
UAI '04 Proceedings of the 20th conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
Remote Physical Device Fingerprinting
IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
Rational Secure Computation and Ideal Mechanism Design
FOCS '05 Proceedings of the 46th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Protecting Location Privacy Through Path Confusion
SECURECOMM '05 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Security and Privacy for Emerging Areas in Communications Networks
Mobile Networks and Applications - Special issue: Wireless mobile wireless applications and services on WLAN hotspots
Enhancing Security and Privacy in Traffic-Monitoring Systems
IEEE Pervasive Computing
Swing & swap: user-centric approaches towards maximizing location privacy
Proceedings of the 5th ACM workshop on Privacy in electronic society
How to win the clonewars: efficient periodic n-times anonymous authentication
Proceedings of the 13th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Passive data link layer 802.11 wireless device driver fingerprinting
USENIX-SS'06 Proceedings of the 15th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 15
Efficient and robust pseudonymous authentication in VANET
Proceedings of the fourth ACM international workshop on Vehicular ad hoc networks
Preserving privacy in gps traces via uncertainty-aware path cloaking
Proceedings of the 14th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Virtual trip lines for distributed privacy-preserving traffic monitoring
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Improving wireless privacy with an identifier-free link layer protocol
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Wireless device identification with radiometric signatures
Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Revocation games in ephemeral networks
Proceedings of the 15th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Security and Cooperation in Wireless Networks: Thwarting Malicious and Selfish Behavior in the Age of Ubiquitous Computing
Transient-based identification of wireless sensor nodes
IPSN '09 Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks
Inference attacks on location tracks
PERVASIVE'07 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Pervasive computing
Towards an information theoretic metric for anonymity
PET'02 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Privacy enhancing technologies
On the effectiveness of changing pseudonyms to provide location privacy in VANETS
ESAS'07 Proceedings of the 4th European conference on Security and privacy in ad-hoc and sensor networks
Bridging game theory and cryptography: recent results and future directions
TCC'08 Proceedings of the 5th conference on Theory of cryptography
Impact of pseudonym changes on geographic routing in VANETs
ESAS'06 Proceedings of the Third European conference on Security and Privacy in Ad-Hoc and Sensor Networks
Towards modeling wireless location privacy
PET'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Privacy Enhancing Technologies
A tutorial survey on vehicular ad hoc networks
IEEE Communications Magazine
On the age of pseudonyms in mobile ad hoc networks
INFOCOM'10 Proceedings of the 29th conference on Information communications
Mobile location tracking in metro areas: malnets and others
Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
ESORICS'10 Proceedings of the 15th European conference on Research in computer security
Tracking games in mobile networks
GameSec'10 Proceedings of the First international conference on Decision and game theory for security
Uncertainty in interdependent security games
GameSec'10 Proceedings of the First international conference on Decision and game theory for security
Time warp: how time affects privacy in LBSs
ICICS'10 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Information and communications security
SEC'11 Proceedings of the 20th USENIX conference on Security
Privacy-friendly business models for location-based mobile
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research
ROAMER: Roadside Units as message routers in VANETs
Ad Hoc Networks
Privacy streamliner: a two-stage approach to improving algorithm efficiency
Proceedings of the second ACM conference on Data and Application Security and Privacy
Friendship-based location privacy in Mobile Social Networks
International Journal of Security and Networks
Collaborative location privacy with rational users
GameSec'11 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Decision and Game Theory for Security
Selective location blinding using hash chains
SP'11 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Security Protocols
Evaluating the privacy risk of location-based services
FC'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security
Game theory meets network security and privacy
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Game-theoretic approach for user migration in Diaspora
Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining
Cooperative pseudonym change scheme based on the number of neighbors in VANETs
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
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In mobile networks, authentication is a required primitive for the majority of security protocols. However, an adversary can track the location of mobile nodes by monitoring pseudonyms used for authentication. A frequently proposed solution to protect location privacy suggests that mobile nodes collectively change their pseudonyms in regions called mix zones. Because this approach is costly, self-interested mobile nodes might decide not to cooperate and could thus jeopardize the achievable location privacy. In this paper, we analyze the non-cooperative behavior of mobile nodes by using a game-theoretic model, where each player aims at maximizing its location privacy at a minimum cost. We first analyze the Nash equilibria in n-player complete information games. Because mobile nodes in a privacy-sensitive system do not know their opponents' payoffs, we then consider incomplete information games. We establish that symmetric Bayesian-Nash equilibria exist with simple threshold strategies in n-player games and derive the equilibrium strategies. By means of numerical results, we show that mobile nodes become selfish when the cost of changing pseudonyms is small, whereas they cooperate more when the cost of changing pseudonyms increases. Finally, we design a protocol - the PseudoGame protocol - based on the results of our analysis.