Journal of Computer and System Sciences
Computer-aided verification of coordinating processes: the automata-theoretic approach
Computer-aided verification of coordinating processes: the automata-theoretic approach
High-density reachability analysis
ICCAD '95 Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Combining Symmetry Reduction and Under-Approximation for Symbolic Model Checking
CAV '02 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
Counterexample-guided abstraction refinement for symbolic model checking
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Proof-guided underapproximation-widening for multi-process systems
Proceedings of the 32nd ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages
Backdoors to typical case complexity
IJCAI'03 Proceedings of the 18th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
Automatic abstraction without counterexamples
TACAS'03 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Tools and algorithms for the construction and analysis of systems
Multiple-counterexample guided iterative abstraction refinement: an industrial evaluation
TACAS'03 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Tools and algorithms for the construction and analysis of systems
SAT-based counterexample-guided abstraction refinement
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Underapproximation for model-checking based on universal circuits
Information and Computation
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For two naturals m, n such that m n, we show how to construct a circuit C with m inputs and n outputs, that has the following property: for some 0 ≤ k ≥ m, the circuit defines a k-universal function. This means, informally, that for every subset K of k outputs, every possible valuation of the variables in K is reachable (we prove that k is very close to m with an arbitrarily high probability). Now consider a circuit M with n inputs that we wish to model-check. Connecting the inputs of M to the outputs of C gives us a new circuit M' with m inputs, that its original inputs have freedom defined by k. This is a very attractive feature for underapproximation in model-checking: on one hand the combined circuit has a smaller number of inputs, and on the other hand it is expected to find an error state fast if there is one. We report initial experimental results with bounded model checking of industrial designs (the method is equally applicable to unbounded model checking and to simulation), which shows mixed results. An interesting observation, however, is that in 13 out of 17 designs, setting m to be n/5 is sufficient to detect the bug. This is in contrast to other underapproximation that are based on reducing the number of inputs, which in most cases cannot detect the bug even with m = n/2.