CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Pad: an alternative approach to the computer interface
SIGGRAPH '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Space-scale diagrams: understanding multiscale interfaces
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Tilting operations for small screen interfaces
Proceedings of the 9th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
User performance in relation to 3D input device design
ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics
Speed-dependent automatic zooming for browsing large documents
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Exploring 3D navigation: combining speed-coupled flying with orbiting
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Halo: a technique for visualizing off-screen objects
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
HoverCam: interactive 3D navigation for proximal object inspection
Proceedings of the 2005 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games
Tuning and testing scrolling interfaces that automatically zoom
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An evaluation of integrated zooming and scrolling on small screens
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Improving selection of off-screen targets with hopping
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Allowing camera tilts for document navigation in the standard GUI: a discussion and an experiment
Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
Shakespeare's complete works as a benchmark for evaluating multiscale document navigation techniques
Proceedings of the 2006 AVI workshop on BEyond time and errors: novel evaluation methods for information visualization
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Rubbing and tapping for precise and rapid selection on touch-screen displays
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Wedge: clutter-free visualization of off-screen locations
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Acquisition of Off-Screen Object by Predictive Jumping
APCHI '08 Proceedings of the 8th Asia-Pacific conference on Computer-Human Interaction
A review of overview+detail, zooming, and focus+context interfaces
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Topology-aware navigation in large networks
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Techniques for interacting with off-screen content
INTERACT'07 Proceedings of the 11th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part II
A model for smooth viewing and navigation of large 2D information spaces
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
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We propose two novel map navigation techniques, called Anchored Zoom (AZ) and Anchored Zoom and Tilt (AZT). In these techniques, the zooming and tilting of a virtual camera are automatically coupled with users' panning displacements so that the anchor point determined by users always remains in a viewport. This allows users to manipulate a viewport without mode-switching among pan, zoom, and tilt while maintaining a sense of distance and direction from the anchor point. We conducted an experiment to evaluate AZ and AZT and compare them with Pan & Zoom (PZ) [17] and Speed-dependent Automatic Zooming (SDAZ) [10] in off-screen target acquisition tasks and spatial recognition tests. Results showed that our proposed techniques were more effective than those of competitors in reducing time to reach off-screen objects while maintaining users' sense of distance and direction as well as PZ.